Hedonic pricing models consider a heterogeneous good (such as real estate) as a bundle of attributes (intrinsic characteristics, accessibility, locational endowments, neighborhood amenities etc.) in which a marginal price is estimated for each attribute based on the perceived value of the heterogeneous good and the quantities of attributes associated with it (Xiao, 2017).

A shortest path can be defined as the minimum route (in this case, in terms of metric distance) that connects two cells (street segments) in a spatial system (Krafta, 2014).

According to the Brazilian Geographical and Statistical Institut Administration – IBGE (2019), the municipality of Porto Alegre – the capital city of the southernmost Brazilian state, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) – covers an area of 495.39km², of which 214.91km² were urbanized in 2019. In 2022, the municipality had a population of 1 332 570 residents (IBGE, 2023).

In this work, only formal open subdivisions are considered. The population residing in gated communities or in shanty towns was associated with the road segment(s) that provide them access.

In July 2023, one Brazilian Real was equivalent to 0.21 US Dollars. Based on this exchange rate, the price classes were defined as follows: the low-price class ranged from zero to US$ 63 000; the medium class encompassed values between US$ 63 000 and US$ 126 000, while the high price class included values exceeding US$ 126 000.

The excess cells corresponding to the road network (i.e., extending beyond the area covered by apartments) were not included in the correlations.

US$ 63 000.

US$ 126 000.