Programa de reabilitação cardíaca na capacidade funcional da pessoa internada por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada
estudo multicaso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33194/rper.2025.35655Palavras-chave:
Reabilitação Cardíaca, Enfermagem em Reabilitação, Capacidade Funcional, Insuficiência CardíacaResumo
Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca descompensada conduz a uma diminuição da capacidade funcional, pelo que urge a necessidade de se implementar precocemente um programa de reabilitação cardíaca.
Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução da capacidade funcional da pessoa internada por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada após a implementação de um programa de treino físico aeróbio e individualizado, com recurso à Short Physical Performance Battery.
Metodologia: Descrição retrospetiva de casos clínicos submetidos ao programa Early Rehabilitation in Cardiology - Heart Failure com avaliação dos parâmetros vitais, perceção subjetiva de esforço (antes/após a sessão), Short Physical Performance Battery (admissão/regresso a casa) e teste de marcha de 6 minutos (regresso a casa).
Resultados: Foram selecionados cinco casos clínicos, três do género feminino e dois do género masculino, com uma média de idades de 75 anos, sendo que três apresentaram fração de ejeção preservada (> 50%), dois com classe IV e três com classe III da New York Heart Association. O tempo médio de internamento foi de 50,00±38,42 dias. O programa de reabilitação teve uma duração média de 16,20±14,60 sessões, sem registos de eventos adversos associados. Todas as pessoas beneficiaram do programa de intervenção, com melhorias na pontuação total da Short Physical Performance Battery (4,60±3,04 versus 8,40±3,36 pontos), o que representa um incremento da capacidade funcional. A média do teste de marcha de 6 minutos foi de 128,00±98,00 metros percorridos, no regresso a casa.
Conclusão: A aplicação do programa Early Rehabilitation in Cardiology - Heart Failurem ambiente hospitalar, pode ter influenciado os ganhos na capacidade funcional das pessoas estudadas, verificando-se evolução positiva da aplicação da Short Physical Performance Battery com diferenças relevantes nos momentos avaliados.
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