Splenic Infarction in a Child with Sickle Cell Trait

Abstract

Sickle cell trait is a benign condition, though rare complications were reported, often triggered by well-established trigger factors. We report a case of a seven-year-old male child with sickle cell trait, who presented to the Emergency Department with progressively worsening abdominal pain over the previous three days, radiating to the left shoulder, which began during a trip to high altitude mountains. On admission, the child had signs of peritonitis, as diffuse tenderness and general tympany. The ultrasound revealed splenomegaly with a peripheral triangular area, lacking blood flow, suggestive of infarction. He was admitted to the hospital for hydration and pain management, obtaining symptoms control. Further investigation revealed a recent asymptomatic Epstein-Barr virus infection, which may have been an additional precipitating factor alongside the high altitude. This case highlights the relevance of knowing the portability of HbS for achieving a better control of the risk factors that may cause complications in the long run.