Des Hommes, des grands carnivores et des grands herbivores. Une approche anthropologique et comparative internationale.
Abstract
Primary producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, large carnivores, decomposers and human groups normallyconstitute the functional structure of the continental ecosystems. This is the structure of a state of total
biodiversity. However, at present, the majority of the planet’s ecosystems are de-structured, as many of them were
considerably destroyed and therefore their biodiversity is low or minimal. This was caused by human activities of
historically dominant agrarian or techno-industrial societies. Such humanised ecosystems and such societies are not
sustainable in the long term. The analysis of humanised ecosystems, as well as the analysis of technical and
socio-cultural structures for the integration of different societies with the environment enables the creation of
strategies for restoring and for sustaining ecosystems. This paper presents two cases in which human societies andhigh or total biodiversity coexist: the region of the Sariska Tigers Reserve (India) and the Natural Park of
Montesinho (Portugal).
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