Fatores Preditores do Sucesso Anatómico e Funcional da Cirurgia do Buraco Macular

Autores

  • Carlos Neves Cruz Ophthalmology Department of Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-8819
  • Christophe Pinto Ophthalmology Department of Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
  • Ana Figueiredo School of Medicine of Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
  • Luis Mendonça Ophthalmology Department of Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
  • Gil Calvão-Santos Ophthalmology Department of Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
  • Keissy Sousa Ophthalmology Department of Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal; School of Medicine of Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48560/rspo.26617

Palavras-chave:

Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia, Perfurações Retinianas/diagnóstico, Perfurações Retinianas/epidemiologia

Resumo

Introdução: O buraco macular idiopático (BMi) é uma patologia da interface vítreorretiniana cujo tratamento é cirúrgico. Atualmente, a taxa de sucesso anatómico da cirurgia varia entre 85% e 100%, contudo a recuperação funcional da acuidade visual pode ser limitada apesar do sucesso no encerramento da solução de continuidade. O nosso objetivo foi identificar fatores pré-operatórios preditores do sucesso anatómico e funcional da cirurgia do BMi.   Métodos: Estudo coorte retrospetivo de doentes diagnosticados com BMi e submetidos a vitrectomia via pars plana auxiliada por peeling da membrana limitante interna ou técnica de flap invertido, entre janeiro de 2015 e dezembro de 2019, no Hospital de Braga. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: idade, sexo, tempo de espera cirúrgico (TCC), melhor acuidade visual corri- gida (MAVC) pré-operatória, tamanho do BMi, presença de membrana epiretiniana ou membrana hialóide posterior (MHP) aderente e técnica cirúrgica utilizada. A correlação entre os parâmetros descritos e o sucesso cirúrgico anatómico e a MAVC pós-operatória foi avaliada.   Resultados: Nos 71 olhos de 67 doentes analisados verificou-se uma predominância do sexo feminino (71,6%) e uma idade média ao diagnóstico de 68,3 ± 8,3 anos. Foi identificado sucesso anatómico em 70,4% dos casos, não tendo existido qualquer associação estatística com os fatores analisados. Por outro lado, observou-se que a MAVC pré-operatória (b = 0,540; t = 5,371; p < 0,001), o TCC (b = 0,001; t = 2,203; p = 0,031) e a MHP aderente (b = -0,258; t = -2.098; p = 0,043) apresentaram impacto significativo na MAVC pós-operatória. A análise de regressão linear multivariada evidenciou que apenas a MAVC pré-operatória manteve impacto estatisticamente significativo na predição da recuperação funcional (b = 0,381; t = 2,784; p = 0,009).   Conclusão: A MAVC pré-operatória é o melhor fator preditor do sucesso funcional da cirurgia do BMi, sugerindo-se que permite melhorar a gestão de expectativas pré cirúrgicas.

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Publicado

2023-09-28

Como Citar

Neves Cruz, C., Pinto, C., Figueiredo, A., Mendonça, L., Calvão-Santos, G., & Sousa, K. (2023). Fatores Preditores do Sucesso Anatómico e Funcional da Cirurgia do Buraco Macular. Revista Sociedade Portuguesa De Oftalmologia, 47(3), 150–157. https://doi.org/10.48560/rspo.26617

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