Resultados Funcionais e Anatómicos Após Tratamento de Endoftalmite Aguda: Experiência de 7 Anos da Região Centro de Portugal

Autores

  • Raquel Félix Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5854-4252
  • Miguel Almeida Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3196-6479
  • Telmo Cortinhal Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9016-9031
  • Miguel Raimundo Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-9328
  • João Figueira Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-1515

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48560/rspo.33231

Palavras-chave:

Antibacterianos, Endoftalmite/cirurgia, Endoftalmite/tratamento farmacológico, Injeções Intravítreas, Vitrectomia

Resumo

INTRODUÇÃO: A endoftalmite é uma infeção intraocular rara mas possivelmente catastrófica, podendo levar a cegueira do olho afetado. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os outcomes após endoftalmite aguda exógena, inferindo sobre o papel da vitrectomia via pars plana (PPV) na abordagem destes doentes, bem como estudar o possível impacto prognóstico de diferentes variáveis de base e relacionadas com o tratamento.
MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional retrospetivo que incluiu doentes submetidos a injeção intraocular de antibióticos com/sem PPV para tratamento de endoftalmite aguda exógena no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, entre 2016 e 2022. O tempo de seguimento mínimo foi de 6 meses. Dados demográficos e clínicos foram registados e analisados. A melhor acuidade visual corrigida (BCVA) foi convertida para logaritmo do ângulo mínimo de resolução (LogMAR) para efeitos comparativos.
RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 83 olhos de 83 doentes (55,42% do sexo masculino). A idade mediana foi 77 anos (66-82). As duas causas principais de endoftalmite foram cirurgia de catarata (48,15%) e injeções intravítreas (45,68%). A BCVA mediana à apresentação foi 2,28 LogMAR (1,98-2,70; equivalente a vultos). Houve uma melhoria significativa na BCVA no último follow-up (p<0,001), com uma BCVA final mediana de 0,80 LogMAR (0,20-2,28; equivalente a 20/125 Snellen). Quase todos os doentes (98,80%) foram tratados com injeções intravítreas de antibiótico (IVI) e 73,49% dos doentes foram submetidos a PPV. A BCVA final foi significativamente pior no grupo que realizou IVI e PPV combinadas, em comparação com o grupo que realizou apenas IVI (p=0,026). Contudo, não houve diferenças significativas na variação de BCVA antes e depois do tratamento entre estes dois grupos (p=0,860). As complicações mais frequentes foram descolamento de retina (13,3%) e necessidade de evisceração (8,4%).
CONCLUSÃO: Embora a endoftalmite aguda represente uma doença grave com possíveis resultados catastróficos e mau prognóstico visual, verificámos uma melhoria significativa na acuidade visual após tratamento. Apesar de incluir uma das maiores amostras de casos de endoftalmite em estudos recentes num único centro, não foi possível demonstrar com confiança a superioridade da utilização generalizada da PPV no tratamento de endoftalmite aguda no nosso estudo.

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Publicado

2024-09-28

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Félix, R., Almeida, M., Cortinhal, T., Raimundo, M., & Figueira, J. (2024). Resultados Funcionais e Anatómicos Após Tratamento de Endoftalmite Aguda: Experiência de 7 Anos da Região Centro de Portugal. Revista Sociedade Portuguesa De Oftalmologia, 48(3), 215–224. https://doi.org/10.48560/rspo.33231

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