Risco Genético de Drusen Extramaculares e Degenerescência Macular Relacionada com a Idade no Coimbra Eye Study

Autores

  • Inês Figueiredo Department of Ophthalmology, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Portugal http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6037-2768
  • Maria Beatriz Machado Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
  • Rita Coimbra AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
  • Patrícia Barreto AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
  • Maria Luz Cachulo Department of Ophthalmology, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal; AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research. Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
  • Cláudia Farinha Department of Ophthalmology, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal; AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research. Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
  • Rufino Silva Department of Ophthalmology, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal; AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research. Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48560/rspo.33240

Palavras-chave:

Degenerescência Macular, Drusas Retinianas, Estratificação de Risco Genético, Estudos de Associação Genética

Resumo

INTRODUÇÃO: O risco genético da degenerescência macular relacionada com a Idade (DMI) foi previamente avaliado no Estudo de Incidência da DMI (Coimbra Eye Study, NCT02748824), incluindo uma análise do score de risco genético (SRG). Na DMI, a maioria das correlações genótipo-fenótipo são baseadas na análise fenotípica da área macular, sendo raras as análises que avaliam drusen extramaculares (DEM). A associação genética entre alterações periféricas e genótipos associados à DMI foi explorada em poucos estudos, com resultados contraditórios. O nosso objetivo foi avaliar a associação entre o SRG para a DMI e a presença de DEM nos participantes do Estudo de Incidência, e avaliar se o fenótipo de DEM será uma expressão alternativa de suscetibilidade genética.
MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se uma abordagem multimodal com retinografia, tomografia de coerência ótica, autofluorescência e imagens near-infrared para avaliar a presença e estádio da DMI e DEM. Para avaliar diferenças entre os quatro grupos: apenas DMI, DMI+DEM, apenas DEM e controlo, foi utilizado o Wilcoxon rank sum test ajustado. As associações entre o SRG e os DEM e DMI foram avaliadas com modelos de regressão logística ajustados.
RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 1846 olhos (939 participantes): 570 olhos apenas com DEM, 252 olhos com DEM+DMI 122 olhos apenas com DMI e 902 olhos controlo. Para a análise genética, a amostra genótipo-fenótipo incluiu 1612 olhos (829 participantes) – 346 olhos com DMI e 1266 olhos sem DMI. O SRG do grupo controlo foi inferior relativamente ao grupo com DMI, com ou sem DEM (p=1,4e-07; p=0,0001) e o SRG do grupo com apenas DEM também foi inferior em relação ao grupo com DMI, com ou sem DEM (p=2,5e-05, p=0, 0019). Encontrou-se uma forte associação entre DEM e DMI (OR=1,444,95% CI 1,248-1,670, p<0,001). Encontrou-se uma associação entre o SRG e a DMI (OR=1,444, 95% CI 1,248-1,670, p<0,001), no entanto, não foi encontrada nenhuma associação com os DEM, quando ajustada para a coexistência de DMI (OR=1,092, 95% CI 0,964-1,235, p=0,16).
CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstram uma forte associação entre DMI e DEM. No entanto, não existe associação entre o SRG e os DEM na nossa população. Serão necessários estudos adicionais para interpretar a relevância dos fatores de risco genético nos DEM.

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Publicado

2024-10-11

Como Citar

Figueiredo, I., Machado, M. B. ., Coimbra, R., Barreto, P. ., Cachulo, M. L. ., Farinha, C. ., & Silva, R. . (2024). Risco Genético de Drusen Extramaculares e Degenerescência Macular Relacionada com a Idade no Coimbra Eye Study. Revista Sociedade Portuguesa De Oftalmologia. https://doi.org/10.48560/rspo.33240

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