Sugar profile evaluation of Portuguese lavender honey

Abstract

The honey produced by the honeybee Apis mellifera is a natural product with a great tradition of consumption due to its nutritional and therapeutic properties. Lavender honey is one of the most common honeys in Portugal, due to the wide spread of different spontaneous species of Lavandula: L. pedunculata, the most abundant, L. stoechaswith the subspecies stoechas and luisieri and, in specific location, L. viridis. This diversity, together with the international quality standards established based on other Lavandula species, places on Portuguese lavender honey enormous difficulties to fit within those parameters. In this paper we present the results for the sugar profile of samples collected in 2014 in different regions of the country with higher potential for lavender honey production. The melissopalynology results confirmed 72% of the honeys as unifloral lavender, with a sugar profile typical of nectar honeys, where fructose and glucose were the main components. The levels for this monosaccharides varies slightly with the geographical origin, with samples from the south pointing towards a lower tendency for crystallization. Besides these sugars, sucrose and maltose, among others, were also identified, but with levels below 5%.