Efeito da salinidade na germinação de soja (Glycine Max)

Abstract

Due to its high protein production and multiplicity of products, soybean is globally one of the most important oil grains. Under conditions of saline stress, the germination and growth of soybean seedlings are significantly affected. This study evaluated the physiological performance of seeds of three soybean varieties (GMZ-VAVA, Ocephara-4 and BRS 257) under different salinity levels (0, 5 and 10 dS/m) during the germination phase. The experiments were carried out at the Southern Regional Seed Laboratory between February and March 2023, using a completely randomized design in a 3x4 factorial scheme, with three replications. The seeds were kept in a germination chamber at 25°C for 8 days. Parameters evaluated included total germination, first germination count, length of the shoot and root system, dry mass of the shoot and cotyledons, percentage of normal seedlings, percentage of dead seeds and salinity tolerance index. The data were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% significance, followed by comparison of means using the Tukey test. It was concluded that saline stress affected the performance of the tested varieties, with the BRS-257 variety showing greater tolerance, being a potential alternative for regions with saline soils.

Keywords: Germination, Seed physiology, Glycine max, Salt stress, Sodium chloride.