Tomossíntese Mamária: o que o radiologista deve saber
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.25748/arp.10439Résumé
O cancro da mama continua a ser a neoplasia maligna mais comum na mulher. A Mamografia é a técnica de imagem estabelecida para o rastreio populacional, reduzindo a mortalidade por cancro da mama em cerca de 30%. No entanto, esta técnica tem limitações conhecidas, inerentes ao facto do volume tridimensional da mama ser apresentado numa imagem bidimensional.
A Tomossíntese Mamária, é uma técnica de imagem emergente, que tem sido progressivamente instalada nas unidades de mama, uma vez que pode resolver algumas das limitações da Mamografia. Na Tomossíntese, o tecido mamário é estudado através da aquisição de múltiplas projeções de raios-X de baixa dose que são posteriormente reconstruídas para criar imagens tridimensionais, e assim, minimizar o impacto da sobreposição de tecido mamário e melhorar a definição das lesões. Os estudos têm demonstrado que o uso da Tomossíntese Mamária melhora a precisão do rastreio e do diagnóstico do cancro da mama. Para considerar o uso combinado de Mamografia e Tomossíntese Mamária na prática clínica, há que ter em conta outros factores para além da taxa de detecção de cancro, tais como a dose de radiação adicional, a taxa de re-convocatória em exames de rastreio, o tempo de realização e leitura de ambos os estudos, entre outros.
Neste artigo revemos os princípios técnicos de Tomossíntese Mamária, suas potenciais utilidades, limitações, e perspectivas futuras.Références
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