Simetria interocular da integridade das camadas externas da retina avaliadas por Tomografia de Coerência Ótica em doentes com Retinite Pigmentar

Abstract

Introduction: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is typically described as a symmetric disease in its presentation and progression. However, despite this assumption, there are few publications that describe and study this symmetry. This study aims to evaluate the interocular symmetry of the integrity of external retinal layers evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with RP.

Materials and Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Hospital de Braga, Portugal. In this study, 29 patients with a diagnosis of RP observed between January and August 2017 were included. Data on age, gender, time elapsed since diagnosis, phakic status and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were collected. Data on the interocular symmetry of the thickness of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and the integrity of the External Limiting Membrane (ELM), Ellipsoid Zone (EZ) and Interdigitation Zone (IZ) were evaluated.

Results: 58 eyes were analyzed. The mean BCVA in logMAR was 0.93 ± 0.63 in the right eye and 0.96 ± 0.68 in the left eye. There was a concordance between the assessment of the integrity of the ELM, EZ and IZ between the two eyes (p = 0.003, p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). There was a strong positive correlation between the measurement of ONL thickness in both eyes (rs = 0.884, p = 0.001).

Conclusion: This study confirms the high symmetrical nature of RP at the level of attainment of the different external layers of the retina. OCT is a sensitive and effective tool for assessing the symmetry of tomographic findings in patients with RP.