Formas de condução em amendoeiras das cvs. ‘Soleta’ e ‘Lauranne’ em sistema superintensivo

Training systems for 'Soleta' and 'Lauranne' almond trees in super high density model

Abstract

In recent years there has been a transformation in the almond tree cultivation influenced by the increase in the almond consumption, the novel self-fertile cultivars and the introduction of irrigation. Despite the fact that the Alentejo region has no tradition in the almonds production, irrigation has led to invest in the culture intensification with different training systems. However, the challenge is great given the lack of experience and the high structural costs associated with the superintensive model. In this perspective, the objective of this work is to compare the development of almond cultivars 'Soleta' and 'Lauranne' grafted onto the 'Rootpac 20' rootstock and planted at superintensive system (5´1,5 m), when trained in a vertical axis, three-axis palmette and hedge systems. The trunk section area, the amount of wood suppressed with pruning and the orchard's productivity were evaluated, as well as the quality of the almond obtained.

Although the results are preliminary, the 'Lauranne' trees in axis training system grew more and larger amount of wood pruning has been removed. The 'Soleta' plants tend to be more productive in axis than in hedge system, while 'Lauranne' trees yielded more in the palmette system. The training system did not affect the commercial quality of the almond produced. The results suggest that the training system affects the productive behavior of the almond trees under superintensive model, which varies with the cultivar.