Evaluación de la calidad de vida de las mujeres con cirugía mamaria después del programa de rehabilitación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12707/RV21013Palabras clave:
calidad de vida, cáncer de mama, rehabilitación de enfermería, programas de rehabilitación, cirugía de mama, vaciamiento ganglionar axilarResumen
Marco contextual: El diagnóstico precoz del cáncer de mama y los avances terapéuticos han contribuido a aumentar el número de supervivientes; sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre cómo afecta la calidad de vida de las mujeres.
Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida de las mujeres sometidas a una cirugía mamaria con extirpación de los ganglios linfáticos axilares tras la implementación de un programa de rehabilitación.
Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo de evaluación pre y posintervención a 48 mujeres captadas en un centro hospitalario entre 2018 y 2019. Se implementó un programa de rehabilitación durante 3 meses en los hogares de las participantes. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron EORTC-QLQ-C30 y BR23.
Resultados: Tras la implementación del programa, la calidad de vida de las participantes mejoró en los aspectos funcionales (desempeño, emocional, cognitivo, social, imagen corporal, perspectiva de futuro) y en los síntomas (fatiga, dolor, insomnio, efectos de la terapia sistémica, de mama y brazo).
Conclusión: Este programa influyó positivamente en la calidad de vida de las participantes, proporcionándoles los conocimientos y las competencias necesarias para participar activamente y con conocimiento de causa en su rehabilitación motora.
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