Efecto de la crioterapia sobre la temperatura de la superficie de la rodilla en el contexto de una artroplastia total: Un estudio casiexperimental
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12707/RVI23.68.31331Palabras clave:
artroplastia de rodilla, crioterapia, temperatura cutáneaResumen
Marco contextual: La crioterapia se utiliza en el posoperatorio de la artroplastia total (AT) de rodilla para reducir el dolor, la inflamación, la pérdida de sangre, el metabolismo celular y la contención del edema. La crioterapia consigue efectos terapéuticos para valores de temperatura de la superficie cutânea (TempSC) = 15ºC.
Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la crioterapia utilizando diferentes interfaces sobre la TempSC de la rodilla de la persona sometida a una AT.
Metodología: Estudio casiexperimental, factorial 1X4X6, una modalidad de crioterapia (bolsa de hielo) frente a cuatro interfaces - vendaje Robert Jones (LRJ), malla tubular (MT), tela fina (PF) y compresa no tejida (CNT) - frente a seis tiempos de aplicación de la crioterapia (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 y 60 minutos). La muestra de conveniencia incluyó 60 participantes, asignados aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos experimentales (interfaces). Se realizaron 720 aplicaciones de crioterapia.
Resultados: En ninguno de los grupos experimentales se produjo un descenso de la TempSC para valores terapéuticos y se obtuvieron las siguientes medias: LRJ = 34,13ºC; MT = 23,90ºC; PF = 22,84 ºC y CNT = 21,92ºC.
Conclusión: En las condiciones experimentales estudiadas, la crioterapia no tuvo ningún efecto terapéutico.
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