Escala ALONE para ancianos portugueses: Traducción, adaptación cultural, validez de contenido y validez facial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12707/RVI23.137.33676Palabras clave:
adultos mayores, soledad, estudio de validaciónResumen
Marco contextual: La soledad entre los adultos mayores es un problema de salud pública que requiere una detección precoz para poder realizar intervenciones eficaces. La escala ALONE es breve (cinco ítems) y fiable, y tiene una utilidad clínica prometedora.
Objetivo: Traducción, adaptación cultural, validez de contenido y validez facial de la escala ALONE para adultos mayores portugueses que viven en la comunidad ( ≥ 65 años).
Metodología: Este estudio constó de tres fases: (a) traducción y adaptación cultural; (b) evaluación de la validez de contenido con 15 expertos (índice de validez de contenido, CVI), y (c) evaluación de la validez facial mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con ocho adultos mayores.
Resultados: Se consiguió una equivalencia lingüística con la escala ALONE original. Los ítems mostraron una fuerte validez de contenido (CVI ≥ 0,8, CVI medio de 0,97), concordancia universal de 0,71, kappa excelente). La validez facial mostró que la escala ALONE capta los sentimientos de soledad, es útil y fácil de entender y completar.
Conclusión: La escala ALONE, traducida y adaptada culturalmente, es válida para evaluar la soledad entre adultos mayores portugueses en contextos comunitarios.
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