Mobbing - Assédio Moral no Trabalho como fator desencadeante de Stress Laboral em Enfermeiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48492/servir0209.33831Palavras-chave:
Assédio Moral, Bullying, Enfermeiro, Mobbing, StressResumo
Introdução: A experiência de Assédio Moral no Trabalho (AMT) em Enfermagem, apresenta consequências importantes, que acentuam a pertinência de pesquisa na área.
Objetivo/s: Caracterizar os estudos que aqui assumem o estatuto de elementos de amostra; identificar categorias que expressem os contornos do AMT; analisar a fundamentação da literatura para as categorias de AMT encontradas.
Métodos: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, a partir da amostra, selecionada em bases de dados Web of Science e PubMed, através do método PRISMA e critérios PICO. A seleção emerge a partir da expressão de busca e termos MeSH, conjugados com os operadores booleanos (Moral Harassment) OR (Mobbing) OR (Bullying) AND (Nursing) AND (Workplace) AND (Stress). Resultam 261 estudos, deste 11 foram elegíveis para a revisão, por responderem à questão de investigação; emergentes de 4 países da Europa, 4 da Ásia, 1 da América do Sul e 1 da Austrália.
Resultados: Foram identificadas 18 categorias que expressam os contornos do AMT: as categorias fortes são “Burnout – exaustão emocional e despersonalização”, fundamentada por 8 Componentes Discursivas (CD), de 6 estudos; seguida de “Insatisfação laboral, Sentimentos de fracasso e Frustração” por 5 CD de 5 estudos; e “Stress Laboral, menor capacidade de gestão de stress”; “Relação entre exposição ao assédio moral vertical/horizontal e satisfação no trabalho” por 4 CD de 4 estudos, respetivamente.
Conclusão: As co-morbilidades consequentes ao AMT - burnout e sintomatologia psicossomática – são indicadores para maior investigação e formação de enfermeiros, assim como para a implementação de estratégias preventivas.
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