Gamification and the development of tourism destinations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57883/thij20(1)2023.31332Palavras-chave:
Gamificação, Destinos turísticos, Experiência turística, TurismoResumo
According to the literature, the creation of tourist products and services using technologies to promote unique experiences allows for supporting the tourist experience and provides the creation of a bond between the tourist and the destinations. The use of games in the tourism industry is a reality applied in some tourist destinations, although the reality is still little explored. This study aims to understand the potential of Gamification and its influence on the development of tourist destinations. The methodology applied followed a mixed approach, with the application of a questionnaire survey to a sample of 216 potential consumers of tourism destinations, of which 27 respondents had previously had some experience of gamification in tourism and the remaining 189 had not. Two semi-structured interviews were also conducted with two experts, a manager in the tourism sector and a computer engineer, in order to gather qualitative information from technical experts involving the two areas. The study concluded that gamification can create new experiences and improve visitation, making the destination more attractive and interactive for visitors, appearing as a differentiating element of the destination and being able to reduce seasonality. The sample that had never been in contact with gamification showed great interest and curiosity in using this content if they had the opportunity.
Referências
Bartle, R. (1996). Hearts, clubs, diamonds, spades: Players who suit MUDs. Journal of MUD research, 1(1), 19.
Burke, B. (2016). Gamify: How gamification motivates people to do extraordinary things. routledge.
Blohm, I., & Leimeister, J. M. (2013). Design of IT-Based Enhancing Services for Motivational Support and Behavioral Change.
Buhalis, D., & Wagner, R. (2013). E-destinations: Global best practice in tourism technologies and applications. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2013 (pp. 119-130). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Bulencea, P., & Egger, R. (2015). Gamification in tourism: Designing memorable experiences. Books on Demand.
Brigham, T. J. (2015). An introduction to gamification: adding game elements for engagement. Medical reference services quarterly, 34(4), 471-480.
Clanton, C. (1998, April). An interpreted demonstration of computer game design. In CHI 98 conference summary on Human factors in computing systems (pp. 1-2).
Condratov, I. (2013). E-tourism: Concept and evolution. Ecoforum Journal, 2(1), 10.
Deterding, S., Dixon, D., Khaled, R., & Nacke, L. (2011, September). From game design elements to gamefulness: defining" gamification". In Proceedings of the 15th international academic MindTrek conference: Envisioning future media environments (pp. 9-15).
Eglesz, D., Fekete, I., Kiss, O. E., & Izso, L. (2005). Computer games are fun? On professional games and players ’motivations. Educational Media International, 42(2), 117-124.
Fernandes, R. P. A., Almeida, J. E., & Rosseti, R. J. (2013). A collaborative tourist system using Serious Games. In Advances in Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 725-734). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Future Foundation / Amadeus Traveller Trend Observatory (ATTO). (2015). Future Traveler Tribes 2030, Understanding Tomorrow Traveller. Available at: https://amadeus.com/documents/ en/retail-travel-agencies/research-report/amadeus-future- traveller-tribes-2030-report.pdf
Huotari, K., & Hamari, J. (2012, October). Defining gamification: a service marketing perspective. In Proceeding of the 16th international academic MindTrek conference (pp. 17-22).
Jacoby, J., & Chestnut, R. W. (1978). Brand loyalty: Measurement and management. John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.
Kim, K., & Ahn, S. J. G. (2017). Retracted: The Role of Gamification in Enhancing Intrinsic Motivation to Use a Loyalty Program.
Kiráľová, A. (2015). The place of gamification in tourism destinations’ marketing. IDIMT-2015 Information Technology and Society Interaction and Interdependence. 23rd Interdisciplinary Information Management Talks, Schriftreihe Informatik, 44, 163-173.
Koivisto, J., & Hamari, J. (2014). Demographic differences in perceived benefits from gamification. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 179-188.
Kovačević, I., Zečević, B., & Veljković, S. (2014). 'Gamification'concept: Theoretical framework and destination marketing management practice. Ekonomika preduzeća, 62(5-6), 315-322. Available at: <http://doi.org/10.5937/ekopre1406315K>.
Lucassen, G., & Jansen, S. (2014). Gamification in consumer marketing-future or fallacy?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 148, 194-202.
Marache-Francisco, C., & Brangier, E. (2013). Process of gamification. Proceedings of the 6th Centric, 126-131.
Marczewski, A. (2015). Even Ninja Monkeys like to play. London: Blurb Inc, 1(1), 28.
Nam, J., Ekinci, Y., & Whyatt, G. (2011). Brand equity, brand loyalty and consumer satisfaction. Annals of tourism Research, 38(3), 1009-1030.
Pace, R., & Dipace, A. (2015). Game-based learning and lifelong learning for tourist operators. In Cultural tourism in a digital era (pp. 185-199). Springer, Cham.
Provest, D. (2020). What player type are you? Bartle’s Player Types Explained with Player Quiz. https://medium.com/tasty-games/what-player-type-are-you-bartles-player-types-explained-with-player-quiz-f5a983f81cda.
Robson, K., Plangger, K., Kietzmann, J. H., McCarthy, I., & Pitt, L. (2015). Is it all a game? Understanding the principles of gamification. Business horizons, 58(4), 411-420. 10.1016/ j.bushor.2015.03.006.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary educational psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
Sigala, M. (2015). Applying gamification and assessing its effectiveness in a tourism context: Behavioural and psychological outcomes of the TripAdvisor's gamification users. Asia pacific journal of information systems, 25(1), 179-210.
Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2008). Service-dominant logic: continuing the evolution. Journal of the Academy of marketing Science, 36(1), 1-10.
Xu, F., Weber, J., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Gamification in tourism. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2014 (pp. 525-537). Springer, Cham. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03973-2_38.
Xu, F., Tian, F., Buhalis, D., Weber, J., & Zhang, H. (2016). Tourists as mobile gamers: gamification for tourism marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(8), 1124-1142. DOI: 10.1080/10548408.2015.1093999.
Xu, F., Buhalis, D., & Weber, J. (2017). Serious games and the gamification of tourism. Tourism management, 60, 244-256.
Yovcheva, Z., Buhalis, D., Gatzidis, C., & van Elzakker, C. P. (2014). Empirical evaluation of smartphone augmented reality browsers in an urban tourism destination context. International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction (IJMHCI), 6(2), 10-31.
Zichermann, G., & Cunningham, C. (2011). Gamification by design: Implementing game mechanics in web and mobile apps. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.".
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
