Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis: A rare case report in a woman without a prior history of uterine leiomyomas

Abstract

 Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) is a rare disease characterized by multiple leiomyomas disseminated throughout the peritoneal cavity, occurring most commonly in women of childbearing. Although typically benign, DPL may degenerate into malignancy. As many cases are asymptomatic, these tumors are usually incidentally found.

Differential diagnosis includes carcinomatosis peritoneal or abdominal disseminated malignancy; the clinical and radiological context can help to differentiate these entities, but only histopathological examination reveals the final diagnosis.

The authors present a case of a woman with DPL found during infertility investigation. She had undergone laparoscopic broad ligament myomectomy 5 years previously, but there was no prior history of uterine leiomyomas.

A revision of the clinical, pathological and imaging features of this entity is also done.