Identity, ideas and norms in the construction of foreign policy interests: the Portuguese case

Abstract

This article develops an eclectic constructivist argument about the role of identity, ideas, and norms in the definition of Portugal’s foreign policy interests. It begins by exposing the limitations of the excessively materialistic and static way of rationalizing states’ interests. Then it discusses the importance of the social construction of identities and interests and their interrelation with the social and normative structure of the international order. Lastly, it advocates the need for a socio-cultural approach regarding interests, and presents a new model for foreign policy analysis that applies to the Portuguese case.