Construção e Desconstrução da Relação entre Migrações Forçadas e Desafios de Segurança em África
Keywords:
segurança, migrações forçadas, cidadania, África Central, Grandes LagosAbstract
A reflexão sobre desafios transnacionais de segurança enquadra-se num contexto de esbatimento do tradicional conceito de Estado, centrado num território delimitado por fronteiras e com o monopólio da violência física legítima. No contexto africano o debate assume duas dimensões importantes: vontade política e capacidade de o Estado proteger os seus cidadãos. Este artigo sugere que pelo menos a parte da vontade política está em grande medida condicionada pelo entendimento do Estado sobre a cidadania, num contexto em que a etnicidade constitui um elemento estruturante de relações e pertenças muito mais forte e de natureza transnacional. Daí que os movimentos de migrações forçadas devam ser entendidos num contexto societal, ou seja, tendo como enfoque o papel das populações e dos contextos locais de violência e paz e dinâmicas regionais no acolhimento ou rejeição dos que fogem. Em todo este processo importa perceber a forma como as migrações forçadas são construídas enquanto factor ou consequência da insegurança.References
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