Sector Informal, Microfinanças e Empresariado Nacional em Moçambique
Informal Sector, Microfinance and National Entrepreneurs in Mozambique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.930Keywords:
Economia informal, Sector empresarial, Microeconomia, MoçambiqueAbstract
The informal sector has assumed a significant importance, particularly in developing economies of Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Some specialists consider its inception and flourishing as a natural reaction to the economic repression that took place in many of those countries where the state control over prices, interest and exchange rates were predominant, as well as the control over goods and services markets which, those analysts believe, limited private initiative and the free running of the markets. More recent studies, mainly in countries like Mozambique in which structural reforms are under way in the last 15 to 20 years, acknowledge that the informal sector emerges and prospers as a counterweight of the liberalization process and the opening of those economies to outside influences and foreign investment, constituting a sort of exhaust pipe through which the unemployment generated by the advent of privatisations flows and where the unemployed wait for the ripening of an endogenous process aiming at the creation of a national/local entrepreneur. As a matter of fact, operating outside the boundaries of the tax system and off the official records system, the informal sector in those countries represents however a qualitative leap in relation to the subsistence economy – where the family sector (households) produces, fundamentally, for self‑consumption and does the barter of eventual surpluses, for it is inserted on an exchange economy based on monetary‑trade relations where the financial intermediation through micro‑finance schemes, most of them also on an informal basis, plays a relevant role. The retrospective treatment of these matters, as well as the problematic analysis on the capacity of the informal sector to generate, by itself, the necessary elements in order to achieve the competitive accumulation of capital as well as the creation and consolidation of national entrepreneurs in Mozambique is the aim of this paper. It deals with the connections between the informal sector, micro‑finance, and the national entrepreneurship, in a context of growing regional integration and the internationalisation of the Mozambican economy under the winds of globalisation.
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