Analysis of the procedures used in early mobilization in critical patients

Abstract

Prolonged immobility is a factor causing recurrent complications in hospitalized and mechanically ventilated patients, which may contribute to an increase in hospitalization time. As a strategy to avoid these deleterious repercussions of prolonged bed rest, physiotherapy has been performing satisfactorily using early mobilization. One of the methods used to mobilize critically ill patients is the cycle ergometer; other practices used are progressive therapies at the bedside. The objective of this work is to synthesize data and evidence of the procedures most used in early mobilization. It is a systematic review, carried out through researches of articles available in the following databases: LILACS, PUBMED, MEDLINE, Virtual Health Library (VHL), SCIELO and PEDro, including randomized controlled clinical trials, clinical trials and almost controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, concurrent or uncontrolled comparative studies, and descriptive studies. The same was done for prospective, retrospective and descriptive studies, in which, its methodology should include the description of the exclusion criteria. 10 eligible articles were included. The cycle ergometer was seen in 6 studies, the orthostatic board in 1 article. Therapeutic practices at the bedside were used in all articles, and the electrostimulation was applied in 2 chosen articles. This research showed that early mobilization can be performed safely and effectively. Regarding the mobilization techniques applied, it was noted that there was no standardization of interventions and parameters, which may have led to heterogeneity in results.