REASONS TO ACCESS TO A PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Abstract

Introduction: Hospital emergency department (ED) utilization by non-urgent situations is common and leads to worse care, patients and professionals dissatisfaction and increasing costs.

Objective: To determine the reasons and adequacy for the use of a hospital pediatric ED. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study between October 10 and December 31 2013 at an hospital pediatric ED, through analysis of questionnaires completed by child caretakers and with clinical data provided by the doctor who observed the child.

Results: There were 481 validated and analised questionnaires. ED use within the first 24 hours of disease was observed in 48%. The main reasons were: notion of a serious and urgent disease (33%), being the nearest facility (17%), preference for evaluation by a pediatrician (17%). Most were discharged without any additional diagnostic test or specific treatment (89%) and the main discharge diagnosis were acute nasopharyngitis and gastroenteritis. Only 19.7% of ED episodes were considered as “justified” by the WHO criteria for hospital emergency or by referral from another health institution. There are no differences between children who used pediatric ED in a “justified” or “unjustified” way.

Discussion and conclusion: Recognition of clinical situations that justify the hospital ED use seems unrelated to parental education or primary care doctor assignment. The notion of serious illness in low-severity situations with early and fast access to a tertiary health care facility reveals lack of information on health concepts by the general population.