Vitamin D levels in pregnant women in southern Brazil during Summer and Winter

Authors

  • Kadija Rahal Chrisostomo Graduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Paraná https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-9925
  • Renato Mitsunori Nisihara Graduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Department of Medicine, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná; Department of Medicine, Universidade Positivo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1234-8093
  • Caroline Vieira de Souza Graduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Eduardo Rahal Chrisostomo Department of Medicine, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
  • Jessica Fujie Graduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Jaime Kulak Junior Graduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Paraná

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v31.i4.24421

Keywords:

deficiency, hypovitaminosis, insufficiency, pregnancy, vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate serum vitamin D levels and respective seasonality in pregnant women in southern Brazil.
Methods: This was an analytical prospective cross-sectional study set at prenatal outpatient clinics of two public teaching hospitals. A total of 520 pregnant women were included, 256 in the Summer and 264 in the Winter of 2016. Women were divided into a high-risk group of patients with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, or human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity, and a low-risk group of disease-free patients. Sociodemographic, epidemiologic, and clinical data were collected, and blood was sampled for assessment of vitamin D levels. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence.
Results: The mean serum vitamin D levels were 22.5 ± 8.70 ng/mL in the high-risk group and 56.2 ± 21.75 nmol/L in the low-risk group, with significantly higher levels in Summer (26.7 ± 7.80 ng/mL and 66.7 ± 19.50 nmol/L, respectively) compared with Winter (18.3 ± 7.50 ng/mL and 45.7 ± 18.75 nmol/L, respectively; p <0.001). The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 69.9% in Summer and 91.3% in Winter (p <0.001). Both groups had a significantly higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Winter compared to Summer (high-risk group, 92.4% vs. 71.2%, p <0.001; low-risk group, 87.0% vs. 64.7 p <0.011%).
Conclusion: A high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was found in this cohort of pregnant women, particularly during Winter, raising awareness of the need to recommend adequate nutrition through a healthy and balanced diet and adequate sun exposure in prenatal care.

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Published

2022-12-27

How to Cite

1.
Rahal Chrisostomo K, Mitsunori Nisihara R, Vieira de Souza C, Rahal Chrisostomo E, Fujie J, Kulak Junior J. Vitamin D levels in pregnant women in southern Brazil during Summer and Winter. REVNEC [Internet]. 2022Dec.27 [cited 2024Mar.28];31(4):345-53. Available from: https://revistas.rcaap.pt/nascercrescer/article/view/24421

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