ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS DUE TO MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA

Authors

  • Diana Gonzaga S. Pediatria, CH Porto
  • Marta Grilo S. Pediatria, CH São João
  • Amélia Bártolo S. Pediatria, CH Entre Douro e Vouga
  • Vítor Cruz S. Neurologia, CH Entre Douro e Vouga
  • Rui Carrapato S. Pediatria, CH Entre Douro e Vouga

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v22.i4.9909

Keywords:

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, behavioural changes, magnetic resonance imaging, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, steroids

Abstract

Introduction: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune -mediated inflammatory white matter demyelinating disease of the Central Nervous System involving the brain and spinal cord, often following, previous infections or immunizations. The diagnosis is infered by the clinical features of altered mental status, behavioral changes and multifocal neurological signs in association with typical findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Steroids are the first choice for treatment and prognosis is generally favorable.

Case report: The authors report a five -year old boy admitted with a clinical picture suggestive of viral meningitis, following an upper respiratory tract infection a couple of weeks previously. On the second day of admission, he developed behavioral changes, with neurological signs of pyramidal tract involvement. MRI showed multiple lesions, of white matter demyelination widespread to the brain and spinal cord, compatible with ADEM. Serological testing suggested recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. He responded to steroids with favorable clinical outcome.

Conclusion: The aim of this report’s to illustrate a clinical -imagiological entity, highlightening the importance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae involving extrapulmonary manifestations in childhood.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Angelini L, Bardare M, Martini A. Mariani Foundation Pae-

diatric Neurology. Immune -mediated disorders of the Central

Nervous System in children. Eastleigh: John Libbey & Com-

pany; 2002. Vol. 10, Ch. 3, 4, 6.

Silvia MT, Licht DJ. Pediatric central nervous system infection

and inflammatory white matter disease. Pediatr Clin North

Am 2005; 52:1107 -76.

Leakage JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF,

Nespeca MP, et al. Acute Disseminated encephalomyelitis

in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features.

Pediatric Infect Dis J 2004; 23:756 -64.

Erazo -Torricelli R. Encefalomielitis aguda disseminada en la

niñez. Rev Neurol 2006; 42:S75 -S82.

Tenembaum S, Chitnis T, Ness J, Hahn JS. International Pe-

diatric MS Study Group Acute Disseminated Encephalomye-

litis. Neurology 2007; 68:S23 -S36.

Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N. Acute dissemina-

ted encephalomyelitis: a long -term follow -up study of 84 pe-

diatric patients. Neurology 2002; 59;1224 -31.

Krupp LB, Banwell B, Tenembaum Sl. International Pediatric

MS Study Group. Consensus definitions proposed for pedia-

tric multiple sclerosis and related childhood disorders. Neuro-

logy 2007; 68:S7 -S12.

Lotze TE, Chadwik DJ. Acute disseminated encephalomyeli-

tis in children: pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnosis.

Uptodate 2009.

Lewis P, Glaser C. Encephalitis. Pediatr Rev 2005; 25:352-

-62.

Christie LJ, Honarmand S, Talkington DF, Gavali SS, Preas

C, Pan CY, et al. Pediatric Encephalitis: What is the role of

Mycoplasma pneumoniae? Pediatrics 2007; 120:305 -13.

Yiss U, Kurul SH, Cakmakçi H. Mycoplasma pneumonia:

nervous system complications in childhood and review of the

literature. Eur J Pediatr 2008; 167:973 -8.

Published

2016-09-05

How to Cite

1.
Gonzaga D, Grilo M, Bártolo A, Cruz V, Carrapato R. ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS DUE TO MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA. REVNEC [Internet]. 2016Sep.5 [cited 2024Mar.28];22(4):248-51. Available from: https://revistas.rcaap.pt/nascercrescer/article/view/9909

Issue

Section

Pediatric inter-hospitalar meeting