Neurosensory detachment in acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Neurosensory retinal detachment is a rare ocular finding in acute myeloid leukemia. We describe a case of a 25 year-old female with history of acute myeloid leukemia under chemotherapy that was referred to the Ophthalmology Department due to blurred vision and metamorphopsia in the left eye for the last two weeks. On examination, there was an oval, high, paracentral lesion, superior to the macula with adjacent small hemorrhage. She performed macular spectral domain optic coherence tomography that showed macular edema with neurosensory detachment, fluorescein angiography that revealed a multifocal diffusion with hyperfluorescence and indocyanine green hypofluorescent spots suggesting choroidal ischemia. A diagnosis of neurosensorial retinal detachment that revealed a choroidal infiltration was made. The chemotherapy was continued and, one month after, progressive visual improvement was identified. A systemic disease with atypical retinal findings should alert to diagnose extramedullary disease and a multidisciplinary approach is necessary.