Evaluating international competitiveness and comparative advantage of European travel services
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57883/thij2(1)2014.30122Palavras-chave:
Competitividade do turismo, Vantagem comparativa revelada, Serviços de viagens, Comércio de serviços, União EuropeiaResumo
Este artigo analisa a competitividade internacional e do padrão dos fluxos de comércio no sector dos serviços de viagens nos 27 países membros da União Europeia, através da abordagem das vantagens comparativas reveladas, com dados sobre importação e exportação, para o período 2004-2012. Pretende-se identificar possíveis mudanças estruturais ao nível dos fluxos comerciais destes países no sentido de averiguar como a competitividade externa deste sector tem sido afetada pela crise financeira global desde 2008. Os resultados sugerem que a competitividade externa da maioria dos países da UE manteve-se estável ao longo do período em análise. Os resultados não identificam um enfraquecimento da intensidade das vantagens comparativas. No entanto, os países do sul da Europa, nomeadamente a Grécia, Itália e Portugal têm visivelmente melhorado a sua competitividade externa. Os países do sul e do leste europeus apresentam vantagens comparativas fortes em serviços de viagens, enquanto os países do norte e da Europa central têm um perfil menos competitivo. Os primeiros são especializados em produtos homogêneos e os outros em serviços de viagens diferenciados embora especializando-se com uma desvantagem comparativa. Estes resultados implicam que os decisores políticos devem atualizar os seus serviços de viagens e os seus produtos turísticos, especialmente nos países detentores de uma vantagem comparativa revelada baixa, para melhorar a sua competitividade e sustentar o crescimento econômico.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
