Febre e termometria clínica: O que sabem realmente médicos e enfermeiros?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v28.i4.17730Palavras-chave:
febre, profissionais de saúde, termometria clínica, temperatura normalResumo
Introdução: A febre é uma das principais causas de consulta pediátrica. Contudo, a maioria dos estudos utilizados como referência para avaliação da febre tiveram um desenho transversal e avaliaram populações adultas. Existem outras definições de febre, mais precisas, que se enquadram numa área de estudo designada por termometria clínica.
Objetivos: Avaliar os conhecimentos básicos dos profissionais de saúde atuantes na área da Pediatria sobre fisiologia da febre e termometria clínica.
Material e Métodos: Estudo analítico, transversal, conduzido entre fevereiro e julho de 2014, efetuado por aplicação de um questionário anonimizado, com perguntas fechadas, a profissionais de saúde.
Resultados: De um total de 426 questionários, 29% foram preenchidos por enfermeiros e 71% por médicos. Considerando o grupo total, 89% desconhecia como a “temperatura normal” em humanos tinha sido determinada, 70% não reconhecia as “definições individuais” de febre, 33% acreditava no estado “subfebril”, 39% não reconhecia os locais anatómicos mais e menos precisos para a medição da temperatura e 57% não reconhecia a diferença dinâmica entre as temperaturas periférica e central. As definições de febre e hipertermia foram confundidas por 78% dos enfermeiros e 56% dos médicos.
Conclusões: A maioria dos profissionais de saúde que responderam ao questionário evidenciou conhecimentos limitados sobre febre e termometria clínica. A tradicional simplificação do tema pode contribuir para a subestimativa de verdadeiros estados febris.
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