Kashmir, the longest unresolved dispute on Security Council’s agenda: A testing case for the Council’s mandate of maintaining international peace and security

Muhammad Imran KHAN

doi:10.34625/issn.2183-2705(35)2024.ic-22

Autores

Muhammad Imran KHAN Portucalense University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4997-6309

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(35)2024.ic-22

Palavras-chave:

integridade territorial; ocupação; direito à autodeterminação; litígio mais antiga e não resolvida na agenda do CSNU; paz e segurança internacionais; Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável.

Resumo

A paz e a segurança internacionais são um meta-princípio sobre o qual assentam todos os aspetos do desenvolvimento internacional. Os lítigios territoriais constituem uma grande ameaça para o objetivo de manutenção da paz e da segurança e, consequentemente, para o desenvolvimento sustentável. De entre os vários legados coloniais, o conflito de Caxemira é um dos que tem potencialidades, demonstradas em vários casos, para se tornar uma grave ameaça à paz e à segurança internacionais. O Conselho de Segurança não conseguiu resolver este conflito vital, o que faz de Caxemira o mais antigo conflito por resolver na sua ordem de trabalhos. As razões do fracasso são três. A falta de um mecanismo de aplicação eficaz na ordem jurídica internacional. A incapacidade do sistema político internacional para compreender o carácter explosivo deste conflito. O facto de os principais arquitetos dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, também os P5, serem os principais fornecedores de armas às partes em litígio.

Este trabalho de investigação apresentará uma breve história deste conflito, a cronologia do envolvimento do Conselho de Segurança com Caxemira, as obrigações e o fracasso do Conselho de Segurança na manutenção da paz e da segurança. Investigará o facto de como e em que medida este fracasso do Conselho de Segurança prejudicou a segurança regional e internacional e em que medida pode perturbar a agenda dos ODS.

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