O papel do direito internacional humanitário na garantia dos direitos das crianças em zonas de conflito

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(38)2025.ic-9

Palavras-chave:

human rights activities, armed conflict, hostilities, international law, national legislation

Resumo

A questão da salvaguarda dos direitos das crianças em tempos de conflitos armados persiste como uma das preocupações mais urgentes no âmbito do direito internacional humanitário. Isso é particularmente verdadeiro em regiões devastadas pela guerra, onde as crianças são vítimas de graves violações de direitos como consequência de crises prolongadas. Análise quantitativa, análise comparativa de casos, análise de conteúdo e pesquisas foram utilizadas. O estudo abrange quatro áreas principais de conflito — Ucrânia, Faixa de Gaza, Síria e Afeganistão — para avaliar a eficácia do direito internacional humanitário (DIH) na salvaguarda das crianças. As descobertas revelam disparidades significativas entre os padrões globais e sua implementação prática. Somente na Síria, mais de 25.000 crianças foram mortas, e o nível de trauma psicológico chega a 90%. Na Ucrânia, mais de 2.000 crianças se tornaram vítimas da guerra desde 2022, e mais de 115 mil pessoas foram deslocadas à força. Na Faixa de Gaza, mais de 1200 crianças pereceram durante a escalada do conflito em 2021, e conforme os anos avançaram para 2023-2024, a violência continuou a se intensificar. No Afeganistão, depois que o Talibã chegou ao poder, mais de 2500 casos de morte ou mutilação de crianças foram registrados em 2020, além de restrições sistemáticas à educação de meninas.

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Publicado

2025-07-29

Como Citar

BUT, Y., CHURIKOVA, I., PTASHNYK, O., BESPALENKOV, R., & SVOBODA, I. (2025). O papel do direito internacional humanitário na garantia dos direitos das crianças em zonas de conflito. Revista Jurídica Portucalense, 1(38), 169–189. https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(38)2025.ic-9