Epidemiology of Risk Factors for St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: An Observational Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12707/RVI25.64.42737Keywords:
myocardial infarction, risk factors, epidemiologyAbstract
Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the leading cause of premature mortality. Identifying risk factors is essential for its prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment.
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological evolution of risk factors in patients with STEMI treated at a hospital in northern Portugal between 2014 and 2024.
Methodology: Retrospective descriptive-correlational observational study.
Results: A total of 1,420 patients (mean age = 65 years) were included; mostly were male (74.3%). The most prevalent risk factors were dyslipidemia (63.4%), hypertension (57.4%), smoking (44.9%), diabetes mellitus (26.6%), and obesity (18.5%). These risk factors and a family history of acute myocardial infarction were significantly associated with age and sex (p < 0.05), being more prevalent with increasing age and among men.
Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and hypertension were the most prevalent risk factors and increased over time. Smoking and diabetes mellitus also increased, although less markedly.
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References
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