The attachment of a vehicle with retention of title in favour of the creditor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(37)2025.ic-3Keywords:
motor trade; sale and purchase; retention of title; financing; creditor; attachment; registration.Abstract
In the context of the motor trade, the nature and function of retention of title has given rise to lively debate and dissenting decisions in case law and doctrine. The most debated points relate, on the one hand, to the possibility of the retention of title being agreed in favour of a third party, usually the funding entity, either ab initio or as a result of the transfer of the legal position of the seller, and, on the other hand, to the nomination to seizure of the vehicle object of the legal transaction in which the retention of title has been stipulated. In this paper, we will approach the subject from two premises:
- Reservation of ownership stipulated in a vehicle sale contract in favour of the seller, who is simultaneously the funding entity, though also referring to the possibility of transferring the position of the seller to the funding entity; and
- The option to enforce the contract by attachment of the vehicle itself or by attachment of the debtor's acquisition expectation.
The text develops to the issue of registering the attachment (whether of the vehicle or of the acquisition expectation), addressing different possibilities for the decision of the Registrar and for the nature of the registration to be made, with reference also to IRN doctrine on the matter.
References
CAMPOS, Maria Isabel Helbling Menéres, A Reserva de Propriedade: do vendedor ao financiador, Coimbra Editora, 1ª edição, 2013.
COELHO, Luís Carlos Almeida Girão Pereira, A Reserva de Propriedade a Favor da Entidade Financiadora, Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra, 2016, acessível em https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/34848/1/A%20Reserva%20de%20Propriedade%20a%20Favor%20da%20Entidade%20Financiadora.pdf
FERNANDES, Maria Malta, A Problemática do risco nos contratos de compra e venda e venda com estipulação de cláusula de reserva de propriedade, 2012, acessível em https://recipp.ipp.pt/bitstream/10400.22/4989/1/PTE_MariaFernandes_2012.pdf
GODINHO, João Carlos Gonçalves, Da Admissibilidade da cláusula de reserva de propriedade a favor de terceiro financiador, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculdade de Direito | Escola do Porto, 2019, acessível em https://repositorio.ucp.pt/handle/10400.14/30244
GUERREIRO, J.A. Mouteira, O Estatuto do Conservador, in Temas de Registos e de Notariado, 2010, Coimbra, Almedina.
GUERREIRO, J.A Mouteira, Manual de Direito Registral Imobiliário, 2022, Coimbra, Almedina.
JARDIM, Mónica, Efeitos substantivos do Registo Predial: terceiros para efeitos de registo, Coimbra, 2013, Almedina.
JARDIM, Mónica, A actual problemática a propósito do princípio da consensualidade, e O sistema de Registo Predial Português - perspectiva geral e sintética, in Estudos de Direitos Reais e Registo Predial, Coimbra, 2018, Gestlegal.
SILVA, Maria José Magalhães, Registo da Propriedade de Veículos, legislação e notas práticas, Lisboa, Quid Juris, 2016.
VASCONCELOS, Luís Miguel Pestana de, A cessão de créditos e a insolvência. Em particular a posição do cessionário na insolvência do cedente, Coimbra Editora, 2007.
JURISPRUDÊNCIA CITADA
Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, Proc. nº 05B3932, Bettencourt de Faria (relator), de 02-02-2006.
Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça n.º 10/2008, Processo n.º 3965/07 - 1.ª Secção, Paulo Armínio de Oliveira e Sá (relator), Diário da República, 1.ª série, de 14 de Novembro de 2008, https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/acordao-supremo-tribunal-justica/10-2008-439848
Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, Proc. nº 844/09.8TVLSB.L1.S1, Maria Clara Sottomayor (relator), de 30-09-2014.
Acórdão do Tribunal da Relação de Lisboa, Proc. nº 3112/2007-1, Isoleta Costa (relator), de 08-05-2007.
Acórdão do Tribunal da Relação do Porto, Proc. n.º 3486/07.9TBGDM.P1, Joana Salinas (relator), de 30-09-2010.
Acórdão do Tribunal da Relação de Lisboa, Proc. nº 4046/15.6T8SNT-C.L1-2, Nelson Borges Carneiro (relator), de 05-03-2020.
Acórdão do Tribunal da Relação do Porto, Proc. nº 741/22.1T8VLG.P1, Manuel Fernandes (relator), de 14-11-2022.
Acórdão do Tribunal da Relação de Lisboa, Proc. nº 2883/23.7T8OER-A.L1-2, António Moreira (relator), de 07-12-2023.
PARECERES DO IRN CITADOS
Proc. R.P. 141/2004 DSJ-CT, in BRN n.º 3/2005, II Caderno.
Proc. R.P. 260/2006 DSJ-CT, de 04-06-2007.
Proc. R. P. 261/2006 DSJ-CT de 27-11-2007.
Proc. C.Bm. 43/2007 DSJ-CT, de 02-03-2009.
Proc. R.P. 19 e 20/2008 DSJ-CT, de 30-06-2008.
Proc. R.P. 80/2012 SJC-CT, de 23-11-2012.
Proc. R.P. 91/2012 SJC-CT, de 25-03-2013.
Proc. R.P. 97/2012-SJC-CT, de 03-04-2013.
Proc. 21/CC/2015 (C.P. 92/2014 STJ-CC), de 02-03-2015.
Proc. 65/CC/2015 (R P 56/2015 STJ-CC), de 06-10-2015.
Proc. 15/CC/2020 (R. P. 10/2020 STJSR-CC), de 03-06-2020.
Proc. 19/CC/2021 - R P 88/2020 STJSR-CC, de 28-07-2021.
Proc. 19/CC/2023 (Pº R.P.136/2022 SJ-CC), de 04-07-2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria José Magalhães SILVA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who published in the journal agree to the following terms:
- The Authors grant the Journal the right of first publication, and other non-exclusive publishing rights, licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which allows the sharing of work with recognition of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to take on additional contracts separately, non-exclusive distribution of the version of the paper published in this journal (ex .: publish in an institutional repository or as a chapter in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg .: in institutional repositories or on their website) at any point before or during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as increase the impact and the citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
RJP does not apply submission, publication or any other fees of any nature. Its articles are open access, with the goal of disseminating scientific knowledge and the debate of legal topics in the area of Legal Sciences.
