Rumo a uma justiça civil sustentável: Lições da Ucrânia e da Áustria
Palavras-chave:
Justiça sustentável; Processo civil; Resolução alternativa de litígios; Processo civil europeu; Harmonização do processo civil; Relações Ucrânia-Áustria; Reforço da cooperação judiciária.Resumo
O poder judicial tem sido sempre uma parte crucial do Estado de Direito e das sociedades abertas, garantindo o direito à proteção, se necessário, para realizar e estabelecer a justiça em geral. Hoje, enfrentamos muitos desafios que exigem um mecanismo judicial mais flexível e mais resistente, destinado a alcançar uma justiça justa e igualitária para todos no meio de pandemias, conflitos armados e crises. Neste artigo, exploramos a experiência ucraniana no desenvolvimento da justiça civil, que merece atenção por muitas razões. Apesar do amplo impacto da herança soviética no desenvolvimento jurídico, 30 anos mais tarde, foram realizadas abordagens inovadoras no novo Código de Processo Civil da Ucrânia. Por conseguinte, na primeira parte do artigo, será dedicada especial atenção à dicotomia entre o direito de proteção e a resolução de litígios como o principal objetivo da evolução da justiça civil num Estado democrático. Na segunda parte, resumiremos como assegurar a igualdade de acesso à justiça no meio da COVID-19. A comparação dos exemplos da Ucrânia e da Áustria forneceu uma base para as observações finais, que nos permitem contribuir para promover a evolução da justiça civil para a próxima geração.
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