Experiência Estrangeira Sobre Regulamentação Jurídica do Funcionamento do Ministério Público

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(36)2024.ic-17

Palavras-chave:

Ministério Público, organização do Ministério Público, modelo de Ministério Público de países estrangeiros, localização do Ministério Público, competências do Ministério Público de países estrangeiros

Resumo

O objetivo do artigo é esclarecer a experiência estrangeira relativa à regulamentação legal do funcionamento do Ministério Público. Com base num estudo comparativo dos Ministérios Públicos estrangeiros, são fornecidos dados sobre o seu lugar no sistema governamental, tipo de modelo e funções principais, o que dá uma ideia do papel e dos rumos de desenvolvimento do Ministério Público nos principais países do mundo moderno . Na Alemanha, os gabinetes do Ministério Público funcionam a todos os níveis dos tribunais gerais. O Procurador-Geral Federal exerce os seus poderes sob a direção geral do Ministro da Justiça alemão. Note-se que o moderno Ministério Público francês pertence ao poder executivo do governo e está subordinado ao Ministério da Justiça. Os funcionários do Ministério Público estão muito próximos do corpo judicial, uma vez que recebem a mesma formação e, ao longo das suas carreiras, passam frequentemente de procuradores para juízes e vice-versa. De acordo com a lei especial que define a posição jurídica do Ministério Público na Letónia, o Ministério Público é uma autoridade judicial que supervisiona de forma independente a observância da legalidade dentro dos limites da competência estabelecida. Na Grã-Bretanha, não existe qualquer Ministério Público ou o seu homólogo directo. No sistema de autoridades estatais, a Real Procuradoria funciona como uma autoridade autoconsistente e independente, cujas atividades são coordenadas pelo Procurador-Geral. Na República da Lituânia, os procuradores organizam e gerem o processo de investigação pré-julgamento e também apoiam o Ministério Público em processos penais. Concluiu-se que não existe um padrão único na Europa relativamente ao modelo de Ministério Público. Os modelos de Ministério Público analisados ​​apresentam vantagens e desvantagens, mas nenhum deles é excluído e nenhum dos modelos é preferido.

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2024-12-05

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KALCHUK, O. (2024). Experiência Estrangeira Sobre Regulamentação Jurídica do Funcionamento do Ministério Público. Revista Jurídica Portucalense, 381–402. https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(36)2024.ic-17

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