Adaptación y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Ingeniería portugueses del primer año de la Educación Superior Politécnica

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21814/rpe.32480

Palabras clave:

Adaptación a la Enseñanza Superior, Rendimiento académico, Estudiantes de Ingeniería, Enseñanza Superior Politécnica, Género

Resumen

Varios estudios han alertado de las dificultades de adaptación y del creciente abandono de los programas de Ingeniería, especialmente durante el primer año en Enseñanza Superior (ES). Esta situación supone un problema para los estudiantes, para las instituciones educativas y para la economía en general. Por ello, este estudio pretende analizar las diferencias en la adaptación a la ES según el género y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Ingeniería, con el fin de contribuir a la identificación de grupos vulnerables y a la puesta en marcha de estrategias de intervención. En este estudio participaron 461 estudiantes de primer curso de Ingeniería de una institución pública de enseñanza superior politécnica del norte de Portugal, con una edad media de 17,91 años. El 33,8% eran mujeres y el 66,2% hombres. Se utilizó el Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire para evaluar la adaptación a la ES y las calificaciones obtenidas en las unidades curriculares del primer semestre para evaluar el rendimiento académico. Los resultados de este estudio indicaron que los estudiantes que obtuvieron un mejor rendimiento también se adaptaron mejor académica y personalmente a la ES y que, aunque el rendimiento académico es similar para ambos géneros, los hombres se adaptaron mejor académica y personal-emocionalmente. Por tanto, se concluyó que las mujeres se encontraban en una situación más vulnerable en este contexto de estudio y podrían beneficiarse de programas de orientación para favorecer su adaptación.

Palabras clave: Adaptación a la enseñanza superior; Rendimiento académico; Estudiantes de ingeniería; Enseñanza superior politécnica; Sexo.

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Publicado

2024-08-14

Cómo citar

de Sousa Monteiro Nouws, S. M., Real Deus , E., Mayo País , M. E. ., Martínez-López , Z. ., & Tinajero Vacas , C. . (2024). Adaptación y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Ingeniería portugueses del primer año de la Educación Superior Politécnica. Revista Portuguesa De Educación, 37(2), e24029. https://doi.org/10.21814/rpe.32480