Uso ilícito de metilfenidato: o outro lado da prescrição médica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v27.i2.13022Palavras-chave:
Idade pediátrica, intoxicação, metilfenidato, perturbação de hiperatividade com défice de atenção, uso ilícitoResumo
Introdução/Objetivo: A Perturbação de Hiperatividade com Défice de Atenção é a perturbação neurocomportamental mais frequente na criança em idade escolar. Paralelamente ao aumento do seu diagnóstico, também a prescrição de psicoestimulantes, nomeadamente o Metilfenidato (MFD), tem aumentado. O objetivo desta revisão é promover a reflexão e discussão sobre esta problemática, salientando a sua relevância atual, bem como a necessidade de prevenção e diagnóstico adequado destes casos em Portugal.
Resultados: Nos últimos anos, o uso ilícito de MFD para fins recreativos ou como estimulante cognitivo para melhorar os resultados académicos, tornou-se num foco de preocupação. A acessibilidade facilitada, a falsa crença de que por ser prescrito é mais seguro do que drogas ilegais e a menor estigmatização social promovem esta prática. Assim, o tratamento com MFD requer uma indicação médica e vigilância adequadas, não só pelos seus potenciais efeitos secundários cardiovasculares e exacerbação de transtornos psiquiátricos, mas também pelo risco de uso ilícito e intoxicação.
Conclusão: Este artigo revê a literatura relativa à problemática do uso ilícito de MFD. Para combater este problema emergente, cuja dimensão ainda é desconhecida em Portugal, é crucial investir na informação e consciencialização dos adolescentes, pais, profissionais de saúde e comunidade educativa em geral.
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