A educação ainda é importante para a mobilidade social? Uma perspetiva das desigualdades educacionais da Europa do Sul no contexto europeu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/rpe.7920Abstract
Com a expansão generalizada das qualificações na Europa, algumas abordagens têm vindo a defender que a dimensão educativa se tem enfraquecido enquanto fator implicado na mobilidade social e como elemento estrutural nas desigualdades e oportunidades sociais. Este estudo perspetiva, quer nos seus posicionamentos teóricos quer na sua verificação empírica, as desigualdades educacionais e as suas implicações na mobilidade e nas desigualdades sociais entre países do sul, e entre este conjunto e a Europa no seu todo. Esta análise é, ainda, contextualizada através do reconhecimento de dinâmicas educacionais dos últimos 60 anos. O seu desenvolvimento visa, também, aprofundar a importância das origens educativas nos destinos educativos e socioprofissionais; e identificar padrões de fluidez educativa e de desigualdade educacional, contextualizando-os no quadro de transições educacionais diferenciadas em termos nacionais. O inquérito internacional European Social Survey (2012) é a referência empírica central.
Palavras-chave: Desigualdades educativas; mobilidade social; Europa do Sul; contexto europeu
ABSTRACT
With the widespread expansion of educational processes in Europe, some approaches that have been proposed argue that the educational dimension has been weakened as a factor involved in social mobility processes and as a structural element in social opportunities and inequalities. This paper discusses these proposals, contradicting them through alternative theoretical positions and a solid empirical base. The developed analysis envisages educational inequalities and their impacts on social mobility and inequality in targeted manner in Southern Europe and in the European context. This perspective was also sustained by a comparison between countries and recognized over time (last 60 years). Some questions were developed, empirically sustained, particularly concerning the importance of socio-educational backgrounds in the socio-education and socio-occupational destinations and the identification of patterns of social fluidity and educational inequalities, drawing matches with different educational transitions in national terms. We used as central database the European Social Survey (2012).
Keywords: Educational inequalities; social mobility; Southern Europe; European context
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