¿cómo afectan los nómadas digitales al desarrollo socioeconómico y cultural local? Revisión bibliográfica

Autores/as

  • Maria Carlos Lopes Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CITUR - Centro de Investigação, Desenvolvimento e Inovação em Turismo, Faro, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-5532
  • Eduardo Pinheiro Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CITeD - Centro de Investigação Transdisciplinar em Educação e Desenvolvimento, Bragança, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3363
  • Ana Guia Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CERNAS - Centro de Estudos de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade, Viseu, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2102-0791
  • Miguel Mota Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CERNAS - Centro de Estudos de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade, Viseu, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-0358

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0219e.41164

Palabras clave:

nómadas digitales; desarrollo local; impacto social; impacto cultural; impacto económico

Resumen

Introducción: Hasta 2019, el trabajo a distancia se limitaba a una pequeña proporción de la población activa, principalmente en los sectores de la tecnología y la información. Sin embargo, la pandemia del COVID-19 aceleró el nomadismo digital, ampliando las oportunidades de trabajo a distancia y aumentando la demanda de destinos con sólidas infraestructuras tecnológicas y alta calidad de vida.

Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este estudio es examinar las oportunidades y los retos del fenómeno, y explorar su impacto multidimensional en los factores sociales, culturales y económicos. La relevancia de esta investigación radica en la necesidad de comprender cómo el nomadismo digital influye y reconfigura las estructuras sociales y económicas de las comunidades de acogida.

Métodos Basándose en la teoría del capital social de Putnam (2000), este estudio adopta una Revisión Narrativa de la Literatura (RNL) para ofrecer una visión global de los conocimientos actuales sobre las repercusiones socioculturales y económicas del nomadismo digital en diferentes regiones. La revisión sintetiza la investigación existente en áreas complejas, lo que permite realizar un análisis crítico y identificar posibles líneas de investigación futuras.

Resultados: Esta tendencia mundial está transformando el trabajo, la movilidad y los estilos de vida, y los nómadas digitales influyen en la dinámica social, cultural y económica. Aunque contribuyen al desarrollo económico local y a la transferencia de conocimientos, también plantean retos como el aburguesamiento y el aumento del coste de la vivienda.

Conclusión: El nomadismo digital fomenta el intercambio cultural y el crecimiento económico, pero también puede alimentar el aburguesamiento y las tensiones sociales. Por un lado, los nómadas impulsan las economías locales y la innovación, pero, por otro, sobrecargan las infraestructuras y amplían las disparidades de ingresos. Con la generación del milenio y la generación Z a la cabeza de esta tendencia, se necesitan políticas eficaces que equilibren los beneficios y los retos.

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Publicado

2025-06-11

Cómo citar

Lopes, M. C., Pinheiro, E., Guia, A., & Mota, M. (2025). ¿cómo afectan los nómadas digitales al desarrollo socioeconómico y cultural local? Revisión bibliográfica. Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(19e), e41164. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0219e.41164

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Sección

Ingenierías, Tecnología, Gestión y Turismo