Produção de Emulsionantes através da Glicerólise de Óleo de Bagaço de Azeitona Catalisada pela Lipase da Candida Rugosa Imobilizada em Espumas de Poliuretano
Abstract
Os monoacilgliceróis (MAG) e diacilgliceróis (DAG) são dos emulsionantes mais utilizados na indústria alimentar e farmacêutica.
Neste trabalho pretendeu-se selecionar preparações enzimáticas imobilizadas adequadas à biocatálise da glicerólise do óleo de bagaço de azeitona refinado em nhexano para a produção de glicéridos parciais (MAG e DAG).
Para tal, testaram-se duas preparações enzimáticas da Candida rugosa imobilizadas em espumas de poliuretano (Hypol) com diferentes aquafilicidade (FHP X4300 e FHP 2002).
A modelação e otimização da glicerólise foram efetuadas recorrendo à metodologia das superfícies de resposta. Os ensaios foram realizados em função da razão molar glicerol/triacilgliceróis e o valor da aw inicial.
Os valores mais elevados de MAG (32%, m/m) e DAG (18%, m/m) foram obtidos quando a lipase se encontrava imobilizada em espuma de poliuretano FHP X4300.
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