MULTIPLICIDAD DE CAMBIOS DE USOS DEL SUELO. ESTUDIO DE CASO EN LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18055/Finis14745Keywords:
cambios de usos del suelo, frecuencias de cambio, transiciones, crecimiento urbano, Madrid.Abstract
En las décadas previas a la crisis económica global de 2007, España y, en particular la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, por su condición de capitalidad, registraron altas tasas de cambios de usos del suelo, relacionadas con un crecimiento de los usos urbanos, comerciales y de transporte. Entre 1990 y 2006, dicha región registró un incremento en usos artificiales de casi un 70%. Estos cambios se han localizado por todo su territorio afectando incluso a espacios naturales protegidos. Mediante la superposición de cuatro datos temporales correspondientes a los años 1982, 1990, 2000 y 2006, se obtienen estadísticas y resultados espacio-temporales, constatando que la dinámica de cambio de los usos del suelo en la Comunidad de Madrid se ha sucedido de manera rápida e intensa, registrándose en dicho periodo temporal hasta tres transiciones de usos del suelo en ciertas áreas de la región, especialmente alrededor de su área metropolitana. Dichos cambios están asociados a la mejora de la accesibilidad con la construcción de nuevas carreteras radiales. La artificialización y el sellado del suelo, y el crecimiento urbano de forma dispersa, suponen un deterioro ecológico importante, ligado a perturbaciones, pérdidas de biodiversidad o una fragmentación del paisaje.
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