Media representations on mental illness

a scoping review protocol

Authors

  • Beatriz Lacerda Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-5578
  • Eduardo Santos Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra - Serviço de Reumatologia, Coimbra, Portugal | Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-2377

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0207e.08.00364

Keywords:

mental health, communications media, social stigma

Abstract

Introduction: Media representations of mental illness have always been mostly negative, unfounded and have stigmatising effects on people with mental illness, especially considering the leading role that the media take in our lives.

Objective: To identify what representations of mental illness are reported in the media. To map the associated media platforms; and finally, to identify reported mental illness.

Methods: A scoping review will be conducted using the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The selection of studies, extraction and synthesis of data will be carried out by two independent reviewers.

Results: We foresee the inclusion of studies demonstrating incorrect and stigmatising media representations about mental illness. Improvements in these representations are expected, but with differences for each mental illness, with bipolarity, schizophrenia, and personality disorders being those with the worst representation, with frequent associations to crime and violence.

Conclusion: It is expected that this review will reveal how mental illness persists in being a poorly represented theme in the various media spaces, from the written and digital press to artistic means such as cinema and video games. This review can also point to the social effects that come from these stigmatizing portraits, especially on people suffering from some mental illness.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Atanasova, D., Koteyko, N., Brown, B., & Crawford, P. (2017). Representations of mental health and arts participation in the national and local British press, 2007–2015. Health, 23(1), 3-20. doi:10.1177/1363459317708823

Beirne, R. C. (2019). Extraordinary minds, impossible choices: mental health, special skills and television. Med Humanit, 45(3), 235-239. doi:10.1136/medhum-2017-011410

Bowen, M. (2019). Stigma: A linguistic analysis of personality disorder in the UK popular press, 2008–2017. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 26(7-8), 244-253. doi:10.1111/jpm.12541

Bowen, M., & Lovell, A. (2019). Stigma: the representation of mental health in UK newspaper Twitter feeds. Journal of Mental Health, 1-7. doi:10.1080/09638237.2019.1608937

Bowen, M. L. (2016). Stigma: Content analysis of the representation of people with personality disorder in the UK popular press, 2001–2012. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 25(6), 598-605. doi:10.1111/inm.12213

Bowman, J. W. P., & West, K. (2019). Prime and prejudice: Brief stereotypical media representations can increase prejudicial attitudes and behaviour towards people with schizophrenia. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 29(3), 167-177. doi:10.1002/casp.2392

Brayton, S. (2018). Mental illness media and the paradox of ‘productivity’ in Elementary and Limitless. The Journal of Popular Television, 6(3), 283-302. doi:10.1386/jptv.6.3.283_1

Chen, C. H., Hsu, K. L., Shu, B. C., & Fetzer, S. (2012). The image of people with intellectual disability in Taiwan newspapers. J Intellect Dev Disabil, 37(1), 35-41. doi:10.3109/13668250.2011.650159

Coverdale, J. H., Coverdale, S. M., & Nairn, R. (2013). “Behind the Mug Shot Grin”: Uses of Madness-Talk in Reports of Loughner’s Mass Killing. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 37(3), 200-216. doi:10.1177/0196859913489708

Dale, J., Richards, F., Bradburn, J., Tadros, G., & Salama, R. (2014). Student filmmakers' attitudes towards mental illness and its cinematic representation - an evaluation of a training intervention for film students. Journal of Mental Health, 23(1), 4-8. doi:10.3109/09638237.2013.815336

Fawcett, C., & Kohm, S. (2019). Carceral violence at the intersection of madness and crime in Batman: Arkham Asylum and Batman: Arkham City. Crime, Media, Culture, 16(2), 265-285. doi:10.1177/1741659019865298

Ferro, H. (2013). A representação da saúde mental e da doença mental na imprensa portuguesa: um estudo comparativo. Estudos em Comunicação, 6(13), 37-86.

Goodwin, J. (2014). The Horror of Stigma: Psychosis and Mental Health Care Environments in Twenty-First-Century Horror Film (Part I). Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 50(3), 201-209. doi:10.1111/ppc.12045

Hall, S. (2001). Encoding/decoding. Media And Cultural Studies: keyworks (2nd ed.): John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Kenez, S., O'Halloran, P., & Liamputtong, P. (2015). The portrayal of mental health in Australian daily newspapers. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 39(6), 513-517. doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12441

MacLean, A., Sweeting, H., Walker, L., Patterson, C., Räisänen, U., & Hunt, K. (2015). “It's not healthy and it's decidedly not masculine”: a media analysis of UK newspaper representations of eating disorders in males. BMJ Open, 5(5), e007468. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007468

Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., . . . Group, P.-P. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 1. doi:10.1186/2046-4053-4-1

Nairn, R. G. (2007). Media portrayals of mental illness, or is it madness? A review. Australian Psychologist, 42(2), 138-146. doi:10.1080/00050060701280623

Potter, T. (2014). Abject Magic: Reasoning Madness in Justine Larbalestier’s "Magic or Madness" Trilogy. Children's Literature in Education, 45(3), 255-270.

Rohr, S. (2015). Screening Madness in American Culture. Journal of Medical Humanities, 36(3), 231-240. doi:10.1007/s10912-014-9287-3

Santi, H. C., & Santi, V. J. C. (2009). Stuart Hall e o trabalho das representações. Anagrama, 2(1), 1-12.

Smith-Frigerio, S. (2018). Intersectionality of Race, Class and Gender: The Complex Representation of Bipolar Disorder on Fox Network's Empire. Howard Journal of Communications, 29(4), 387-402. doi:10.1080/10646175.2017.1407720

Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O'Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., . . . Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann Intern Med, 169(7), 467-473. doi:10.7326/m18-0850

Venkatesan, S., & Saji, S. (2019). Conjuring the ‘Insane’: Representations of Mental Illness in Medical and Popular Discourses. Media Watch, 10(3), 522-538.

World Health Organization. (2020). Mental disorders. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/mental_health/management/en/

Zimbres, T. M., Bell, R. A., & Taylor, L. D. (2020). Effects of public versus media responsibility messages on stigmatization of people with schizophrenia in an American adult sample. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55(7), 917-927. doi:10.1007/s00127-019-01788-6

Published

2020-12-18

How to Cite

Lacerda, B., & Santos, E. (2020). Media representations on mental illness: a scoping review protocol . Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(7e), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0207e.08.00364

Issue

Section

Education and Social Development Sciences