Interventions by perioperative nurses in the prevention of surgical site infections: scoping review
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https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0228.42071Keywords:
Keywords: perioperative nursing; surgical site infection; nursing interventions; surgical patientAbstract
Introduction: Surgical site infection is a frequent and preventable complication, associated with high morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and increased healthcare costs. It is estimated that up to 60% of surgical site infection can be prevented with evidence-based practices.
Objective: To map perioperative nursing interventions for the prevention of surgical site infection.
Methods: Scoping review conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (2024) methodology and the PRISMA-ScR model. Seven primary studies (2019–2024) published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included.
Results: Interventions identified included hand hygiene, skin preparation, aseptic technique, normothermia, appropriate attire, limitation of staff circulation, environmental disinfection, antibiotic prophylaxis, interprofessional communication, and patient involvement. Emerging themes included preoperative bathing with chlorhexidine and use of silver-impregnated dressings.
Conclusion: SSI prevention requires a multifactorial approach, involving aseptic practices, judicious antibiotic management, normothermia, and patient participation. Adoption of the Portuguese Directorate-General of Health’s “Bundle of Interventions” (2022) is essential to standardize safe practices
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