Heart transplant patients and telehealth interventions: scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0220e.35736Keywords:
heart transplant; telehealth, telenursing; review; nursing careAbstract
Introduction: Telehealth has been recognized as an opportunity to face healthcare challenges, overcome geographical barriers, and allow consistent monitoring. Heart transplant (HT) patients need close monitoring to facilitate health management, early identification of complications, adequate therapeutic regimen management, and healthy lifestyle habits. These are core areas of nursing intervention, and telehealth is a novel approach that may increase access to nursing care.
Objective: To map telehealth intervention in HT patients.
Methods: A scoping review was developed according to the proposed methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute, with a search in PubMed, CINAHL (via Ebsco), and Web of Science. An additional search for relevant references and grey literature was performed. Primary studies with HT patients and the use of any intervention provided by telehealth were included. Three independent reviewers performed relevance analysis, data extraction, and synthesis.
Results: 706 articles were retrieved, and six met the inclusion criteria. Three areas of telehealth intervention were identified: telecare management for follow-up, telemonitoring of signs and symptoms and complications, telerehabilitation, tele-education, to educate HT patients and their caregivers, and teletraining, a teaching/educational intervention to empower patients.
Conclusion: Different areas of telehealth intervention can be performed to provide care to HT patients, which should be considered when planning health care and resources. However, face-to-face follow-up must be provided whenever considered more appropriate. This is the first step toward systematizing nursing intervention in this area.
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