Nurse communication strategies with the critical patient in intensive care units: scoping review Estrategias de comunicación del enfermero con el doente crítico en unidades de cuidados intensivos: scoping review

Autores/as

  • Gorete Baptista Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal | Centro de Investigação para Vida Ativa e Bem-Estar (IPB), Bragança, Portugalv | Centro de Estudos e pesquisa (CESP), Instituto Jean Piaget, Benguela, Angola https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6750-1825
  • Bruno Magalhães Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal | RISE-Health Research Network, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | Unidade de Investigação em Enfermagem Oncológica Centro de Investigação IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6049-8646
  • Vitor Rodrigues Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2795-685X
  • Ana Galvão Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal | UICISA: E - Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem, Bragança, Portugal http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9978-9563

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0215e.35355

Palabras clave:

Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos; comunicación de enfermería; enfermos críticos; estrategias de comunicación

Resumen

Introducción: La comunicación efectiva en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) es un aspecto crítico del cuidado de enfermería, impactando significativamente en los resultados de los enfermos. La complejidad de los entornos de UCI requiere estrategias de comunicación especializadas que satisfagan las necesidades únicas de enfermoscríticos y sus familias.

Objetivo: Mapear la evidencia científica sobre las estrategias de comunicación utilizadas por las enfermeras con pacientes críticos en entornos de UCI.

Métodos: La Revisión de Alcance (ScR) siguió la metodología recomendada por el Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI) y PRISMA-ScR. Se realizó a través de la Interfaz EBSCOhost Research Databases: CINAHL Complete, MedicLatina, MEDLINE Complete y Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, utilizando las frases booleanas: TI ("Critical Care" AND "Communication" AND "Nurse*") OR AB ("Critical Care" AND "Communication" AND "Nurse*").

Resultados: Se seleccionaron 238 artículos y, después del proceso de selección, se incluyeron en el estudio 9  artículos primarios. La revisión identificó temas clave como la importancia de la comunicación empática y efectiva, la integración de la tecnología con prácticas humanísticas, entrenamiento continuo y desarrollo de habilidades en comunicación, adaptación cultural y lingüística en herramientas de comunicación y el papel de la comunicación en potenciar la participación del enfermo. Se destacó UCIel uso de métodos de comunicación aumentativa y alternativa (CAA) en enfermos con dificultades para hablar.

Conclusión: Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de enfoques holísticos que prioricen competencias técnicas y sensibilidades humanas en las prácticas de enfermería. La comunicación en UCI es multifacética y va más allá del simple intercambio de información, abarcando apoyo emocional, sensibilidad cultural y empoderamiento del enfermo. Requiere formación continua, integración tecnológica y consideración de la diversidad cultural.

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Citas

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Publicado

2024-09-27

Cómo citar

Baptista, G., Magalhães, B., Rodrigues, V., & Galvão, A. (2024). Nurse communication strategies with the critical patient in intensive care units: scoping review Estrategias de comunicación del enfermero con el doente crítico en unidades de cuidados intensivos: scoping review. Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, (15e), e35355. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0215e.35355

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la Vida y de la Salud