Chocolates com frutas secas y especias: desarrollo y caracterización física y sensorial

Autores/as

  • Raquel Guiné Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CERNAS – Centro de Investigação em Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade, Viseu, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0595-6805
  • Ana Ferrão Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CERNAS – Centro de Investigação em Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade, Viseu, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3337-9139
  • Sofia Florença Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal | CERNAS – Centro de Investigação em Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade, Viseu, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2541-4448

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0221e.43889

Palabras clave:

Palabras clave: chocolate; manzana; canela; menta; análisis sensorial; color; textura; reologia

Resumen

Introducción: El chocolate es un snack muy conveniente y es un producto muy apreciado por todos los segmentos de la población. Las investigaciones de los últimos años han demostrado que el chocolate, especialmente el chocolate negro, puede ser beneficioso para la salud y el enriquecimiento puede añadir algunos beneficios para la salud al chocolate.

Objetivo: El objetivo era crear formulaciones de dulces enriquecidos con frutas y especias, que fueran atractivos para el consumidor.

Métodos: Se probaron diversas combinaciones de ingredientes y se analizaron los productos obtenidos en cada experimento. Tras optimizar las formulaciones, las mejores recetas se utilizaron para elaborar chocolates que fueron evaluados por un panel sensorial no entrenado, simulando al consumidor general. Se realizaron pruebas descriptivas y de preferencia, y se evaluaron las intenciones de compra. Asimismo, las mejores recetas se caracterizaron en función de algunas propiedades físicas, como el color, la textura y la reología, por su gran influencia en la aceptación del producto.

Resultados: Los resultados mostraron dos formulaciones óptimas: chocolate con leche, manzana verde y canela, y chocolate negro, manzana verde y menta. La muestra de chocolate negro presentó un color más oscuro (2,84 ± 2,83, 7,54 ± 0,12 y 4,78 ± 0,88, respectivamente para L*, a* y b*), una mayor dureza (72,04 ± 19,42 N) y menor pegajosidad (-1,62 ± 0,67 N) y adhesividad (-20,69 ± 5,22 N·s). Las mediciones reológicas indicaron que la muestra de chocolate negro presentó una mayor variación de viscosidad (25–88 mN·s/m²) al calentarse a temperaturas entre 50 y 95 °C. El análisis sensorial reveló que el chocolate con leche obtuvo una mejor valoración general y una puntuación más alta en apariencia visual, textura crujiente y dulzor. Por el contrario, el chocolate negro era más
uniforme, más duro, más oscuro, con un aroma a chocolate más intenso y mayor acidez. Si bien el chocolate con leche fue el preferido por el 75 % de los jueces, estos manifestaron una intención de compra positiva para ambos tipos de chocolate.

Conclusión: Este estudo permitió obtener dos formulaciones que tienen potencial para comercializarse exitosamente en el mercado.

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Publicado

2026-02-27

Cómo citar

Guiné, R., Ferrão, A., & Florença, S. (2026). Chocolates com frutas secas y especias: desarrollo y caracterización física y sensorial. Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(21e), e43889. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0221e.43889

Número

Sección

Ciencias Agrarias, Alimentares y Veterinarias