Diseño instruccional basado en prompts en la enseñanza de programación apoyada por inteligencia artificial

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0230.45667

Palabras clave:

prompt-based instruction; generative artificial intelligence; programming education; computational thinking; self-regulated learning

Resumen

Introducción: La rápida integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) generativa en la enseñanza de programación ha transformado el uso de prompts de una técnica de interacción en una práctica instruccional relevante. No obstante, la investigación en educación superior sigue siendo fragmentada.

Objetivo: Sintetizar estudios empíricos sobre instrucción basada en prompts en programación apoyada por inteligencia artificial, analizando conceptualizaciones, estrategias de implementación, resultados de aprendizaje y vacíos de investigación.

Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática conforme a las directrices PRISMA 2020. Las búsquedas en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science identificaron publicaciones entre 2023 y 2025. Veinte estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y fueron analizados mediante síntesis temática.

Resultados: El prompting se conceptualizó como habilidad técnica, proceso iterativo, mecanismo de autorregulación, andamiaje del pensamiento computacional y recurso instruccional integrado en el sistema. Las intervenciones estructuradas, como plantillas de prompt, progresión guiada y ciclos de depuración, se asociaron con mejoras en el pensamiento computacional y en los comportamientos de interacción. La evidencia sobre mejoras sostenidas en el aprendizaje es limitada.

Conclusión: La instrucción basada en prompts constituye un campo pedagógico emergente cuyo impacto depende de su alineación con principios de pensamiento computacional y autorregulación. Se requieren estudios longitudinales y teóricamente fundamentados.

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Publicado

2026-06-12

Cómo citar

Rani, M., & Kasinathan, V. (2026). Diseño instruccional basado en prompts en la enseñanza de programación apoyada por inteligencia artificial. Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(30), e45667. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0230.45667

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Sección

Ingenierías, Tecnología, Gestión y Turismo