Perspectivas de los docentes sobre la planificación para la mejora escolar: procesos, factores críticos y resultados percibidos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/rpe.25152Palabras clave:
Mejora escolar, Estrategia, Planificación estratégica, Estudio cualitativoResumen
La planificación estratégica y la acción estratégica se han identificado como marcos valiosos para la mejora escolar. Por lo tanto, las reformas escolares en diferentes partes del mundo han exigido una planificación formal para apoyar la mejora. Sin embargo, la planificación no siempre se adopta plenamente ni se basa en el conocimiento, lo que plantea interrogantes sobre la eficacia de las escuelas en los procesos de planificación y acción estratégicos. En ese sentido, es importante desarrollar una mejor comprensión de la planificación y la acción estratégicas. Este estudio se centra en los procesos de planificación escolar en las escuelas portuguesas mediante la exploración de cómo tres escuelas participaron en los procesos de planificación de acciones estratégicas. Se utilizó un diseño cualitativo. Se identificaron los procesos estratégicos escolares, los factores críticos para una acción y planificación estratégicas de alta calidad y los resultados percibidos de los planes de acción estratégicos. Los resultados indican que las escuelas adoptaran planes de acción estratégicos, a pesar de las dificultades encontradas durante el proceso de planificación e ejecución. La planificación se vio limitada por los plazos, y por las escasas oportunidades de participación de los profesores y otras partes interesadas. El apoyo financiero y los recursos humanos limitados se identificaron como factores que obstaculizan la implementación del plan. El compromiso con la misión de la escuela se identificó como el principal factor que facilita la planificación y la acción. Los resultados de este estudio señalam importantes retos para los responsables por las políticas y los líderes escolares. También tiene implicaciones relevantes para futuras investigaciones relacionadas con la mejora escolar.
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