Parenting experiences and challenges during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic

Authors

  • Luísa Marmé Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2387
  • Maribel Carvalhais Escola Superior de Saúde do Norte Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal | CINTESIS - Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2206-2582
  • Isabel Bica Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Escola Superior de Saúde, Viseu, Portugal | CINTESIS - Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Porto, Portugal | UICISA: E - Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem, Viseu, Portugal http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7019-0132

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0214e.34547

Keywords:

COVID-19; parents; child; parenting; family

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the biggest crises in the world. The Wealth World Organization and the General Health Directorate, between 2020 and 2021, implemented restrictive measures, namely, school closures and non-face-to-face teaching with activities carried out simultaneously with the teleworking. These circumstances were especially challenging to the exercise of parenthood.

Objective: To know the parental experiences in the monitoring of school-age children during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand how this experience interfered with the exercise of parenthood.

Methods: This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, data collection carried out through semi-structured interviews, in a network sampling involving 17 participants. Content analysis was performed according to Bardin (2020).

Results: Four dimensions were considered, from which 8 categories and 16 subcategories emerged. Parents perceived as strategies to reduce the impact of the pandemic on their children the recreational activities outside and inside the home, also using digital/technological tools. In the follow-up of their children during non-face-to-face teaching, parents mainly revealed negative feelings related to frustration, powerlessness and tension. Regarding parental experiences, these were mostly associated with parental stress, imbalance between the family/professional/school support sphere for children and changes in routines.

Conclusion: The results reveal the need to intervene and accompany children/families in order to prevent potential long-term effects of confinement.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alçada, I. (2020). Impacto da covid-19 na educação. In Comissão Nacional da Saúde Materna, da Criança e do Adolescente. As grávidas, as crianças e a pandemia covid-19 (pp.7-10). CNSMCA. https://www.spp.pt/UserFiles/file/Noticias/CNSMCA_COVID_NOV.2020.pdf

Armstrong, V. G., & Ross, J. (2021). Art boxes supporting parents and infants to share creative interactions at home: An art-based response to improve well-being during covid-19 restrictions. Public Health 193(1), 109-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.01.031

Bardin, L. (2020). Análise de conteúdo (Ed. rev. e atualizada). Edições 70.

Boss, P., Bryant, C. M., & Mancini, J. A. (2016). Family stress management: A contextual approach (3ª ed.). SAGE Publications Inc. https://abrir.link/enSgx

Brazelton, R. T. (2021). O grande livro da criança: O desenvolvimento emocional e comportamental: Dos 0 aos 3 anos (15ª ed.). Editorial Presença.

Burkart, S., Parker, H., Weaver, R. G., Beets, M. W., Jones, A., Adams, E. L., Chaput, J. P., & Armstrong, B. (2022). Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on elementary schoolers' physical activity, sleep, screen time and diet: A quasi-experimental interrupted time series study. Pediatric Obesity, 17(1), e12846. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12846

Chen, C. Y., Byrne, E., & Vélez, T. (2022). A preliminary study of covid-19: Related stressors, parenting stress, and parental psychological well-being among parents of school-age children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(6), 1558–1569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02321-1

Demaria, F., & Vicari, S. (2021). Covid-19 quarantine: Psychological impact and support for children and parents. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 47(58). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01005-8

Hockenberry, M., & Wilson, D. (2014). Wong: Fundamentos de enfermagem pediátrica (9ª ed.). Elsevier. https://abrir.link/JVBPb

Jansen, E., Thapaliya, G., Aghababian, A., Sadler, J., Smith, K., & Carnell, S. (2021). Parental stress, food parenting practices and child snack intake during the Covid-19 pandemic. Appetite, 161(1), 105-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105119

Klosky J. V., Gazmarian J. A., Casimir, O., & Blake, S. C. (2022). Effects of remote education during covid-19 pandemic on young children´s Learning and academic behavior in Georgia: Perceptions of parentes and school administrators. Journal School Health,92(7), 656-664. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.13185

Lacerda, A., & Januário, L. (2020). Introdução: Não é suficiente para as crianças sobreviver à pandemia. In Comissão Nacional da Saúde Materna, da Criança e do Adolescente, As grávidas, as crianças e a pandemia COVID-19 (pp. 3-5). CNSMCA. https://www.spp.pt/UserFiles/file/Noticias/CNSMCA_COVID_NOV.2020.pdf

Loureiro, A., Rodrigues E. P., & Mattar, J. (2020). Educação online em tempos de pandemia: Desafios e oportunidades para uma escola inclusiva. Revista Journal Interações, 16(54), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.25755/int.21999

Marchetti, D., Fontatanesi, L., Mazza, C., Di Giandomenico, S., Roma, P., & Verrocchio, M. C. (2020). Parenting-related exhaustion during the itlain covid-19 lockdown. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 45(10), 1114-1123. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa093

Meleis, A. I. (2010). Transitions theory: Middle-range and situation-specific theories in nursing research and practice. Springer Publishing Company. https://abrir.link/gyxhj

Melo, A. (2020). Ser professora em tempo de pandemia: Covid-19. In José Alves, & Ilídia Cabral (Eds.) Ensinar e aprender em tempo de covid-19: Entre o caos e a redenção. Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia da Universidade Católica Portuguesa. https://abrir.link/JvqBc

Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson. L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the Covid-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: A national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(85). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8

Opperman, C., & Cassandra, K. A. (2001). Enfermagem pediátrica contemporânea. Lusociência.

Ordem dos Enfermeiros (2015). Guia orientador de boa prática: Adaptação à parentalidade durante a hospitalização. Cadernos da OE, 1(8). https://www.ordemenfermeiros.pt/arquivo/publicacoes/Documents/GOBP_ParentalidadePositiva_vf.pdf

Richardson, D., Carraro, A., Ceborati, V., Gromada, A., & Rees, G. (2020). Supporting families and children beyond Covid-19: Social protection in high income countries. UNICEF. https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/Supporting%20Familes%20and%20Children%20Beyond%20COVID-19_Social%20protection%20in%20high-income%20countries.pdf

Santos, J. R., & Zaboroski, E. A. (2020). Ensino remoto e pandemia de covid-19: Desafios e oportunidades de alunos e professores. Revista Interações, 16(55), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.25755/int.20865

Schady, N., Holla, A., Sabarwal, S., Silva, J., & Chang, Y. A. (2023). Collapse and recovery: How the covid-19 pandemic eroded human capital and what to do about it. World Bank Group. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/0199dad4-54a4-4d59-998e-a7775e4f2544/content

Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Setti A., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parenting stress during the covid-19 outbreak: Socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and implications for children emotion regulation. Family Process, 60(2), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12601

United Nations Children´s Fund. (2020). Policy Brief: The Impact of Covid-19 in Children. UNICEF. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/202004/160420_Covid_Children_Policy_Brief.pdf

Vilelas, J. (2020). Investigação o processo do conhecimento (3ºed). Edições Silabo.

World health Organization. (2023). Nutricion: Physical activity, well-being and covid-19: Chilhood obesity surveillance iniciative study. WHO, Regional Office for Europe. https://www.who.int/europe/publications/m/item/nutrition-physical-activity-well-being-and-covid-19-childhood-obesity-surveillance-initiative-study

irc.org/publications/pdf/Supporting%20Familes%20and%20Children%20Beyond%20COVID-19_Social%20protection%20in%20high-income%20countries.pdf

Santos, J. R., & Zaboroski, E. A. (2020). Ensino remoto e pandemia de covid-19: Desafios e oportunidades de alunos e professores. Revista Interações, 16(55), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.25755/int.20865

Schady, N., Holla, A., Sabarwal, S., Silva, J., & Chang, Y. A. (2023). Collapse and recovery: How the covid-19 pandemic eroded human capital and what to do about it. World Bank Group. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/0199dad4-54a4-4d59-998e-a7775e4f2544/content

Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Setti A., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parenting stress during the covid-19 outbreak: Socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and implications for children emotion regulation. Family Process, 60(2), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12601

United Nations Children´s Fund. (2020). Policy Brief: The Impact of Covid-19 in Children. UNICEF. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/202004/160420_Covid_Children_Policy_Brief.pdf

Vilelas, J. (2020). Investigação o processo do conhecimento (3ºed). Edições Silabo.

World health Organization. (2023). Nutricion: Physical activity, well-being and covid-19: Chilhood obesity surveillance iniciative study. WHO, Regional Office for Europe. https://www.who.int/europe/publications/m/item/nutrition-physical-activity-well-being-and-covid-19-childhood-obesity-surveillance-initiative-study

Published

2024-03-12

How to Cite

Marmé, L. ., Carvalhais, M., & Bica, I. (2024). Parenting experiences and challenges during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic . Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, (14e), e34547. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0214e.34547

Issue

Section

Life and Healthcare Sciences