Parenting experiences and challenges during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0214e.34547Keywords:
COVID-19; parents; child; parenting; familyAbstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the biggest crises in the world. The Wealth World Organization and the General Health Directorate, between 2020 and 2021, implemented restrictive measures, namely, school closures and non-face-to-face teaching with activities carried out simultaneously with the teleworking. These circumstances were especially challenging to the exercise of parenthood.
Objective: To know the parental experiences in the monitoring of school-age children during the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand how this experience interfered with the exercise of parenthood.
Methods: This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, data collection carried out through semi-structured interviews, in a network sampling involving 17 participants. Content analysis was performed according to Bardin (2020).
Results: Four dimensions were considered, from which 8 categories and 16 subcategories emerged. Parents perceived as strategies to reduce the impact of the pandemic on their children the recreational activities outside and inside the home, also using digital/technological tools. In the follow-up of their children during non-face-to-face teaching, parents mainly revealed negative feelings related to frustration, powerlessness and tension. Regarding parental experiences, these were mostly associated with parental stress, imbalance between the family/professional/school support sphere for children and changes in routines.
Conclusion: The results reveal the need to intervene and accompany children/families in order to prevent potential long-term effects of confinement.
Downloads
References
Alçada, I. (2020). Impacto da covid-19 na educação. In Comissão Nacional da Saúde Materna, da Criança e do Adolescente. As grávidas, as crianças e a pandemia covid-19 (pp.7-10). CNSMCA. https://www.spp.pt/UserFiles/file/Noticias/CNSMCA_COVID_NOV.2020.pdf
Armstrong, V. G., & Ross, J. (2021). Art boxes supporting parents and infants to share creative interactions at home: An art-based response to improve well-being during covid-19 restrictions. Public Health 193(1), 109-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.01.031
Bardin, L. (2020). Análise de conteúdo (Ed. rev. e atualizada). Edições 70.
Boss, P., Bryant, C. M., & Mancini, J. A. (2016). Family stress management: A contextual approach (3ª ed.). SAGE Publications Inc. https://abrir.link/enSgx
Brazelton, R. T. (2021). O grande livro da criança: O desenvolvimento emocional e comportamental: Dos 0 aos 3 anos (15ª ed.). Editorial Presença.
Burkart, S., Parker, H., Weaver, R. G., Beets, M. W., Jones, A., Adams, E. L., Chaput, J. P., & Armstrong, B. (2022). Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on elementary schoolers' physical activity, sleep, screen time and diet: A quasi-experimental interrupted time series study. Pediatric Obesity, 17(1), e12846. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12846
Chen, C. Y., Byrne, E., & Vélez, T. (2022). A preliminary study of covid-19: Related stressors, parenting stress, and parental psychological well-being among parents of school-age children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(6), 1558–1569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02321-1
Demaria, F., & Vicari, S. (2021). Covid-19 quarantine: Psychological impact and support for children and parents. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 47(58). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01005-8
Hockenberry, M., & Wilson, D. (2014). Wong: Fundamentos de enfermagem pediátrica (9ª ed.). Elsevier. https://abrir.link/JVBPb
Jansen, E., Thapaliya, G., Aghababian, A., Sadler, J., Smith, K., & Carnell, S. (2021). Parental stress, food parenting practices and child snack intake during the Covid-19 pandemic. Appetite, 161(1), 105-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105119
Klosky J. V., Gazmarian J. A., Casimir, O., & Blake, S. C. (2022). Effects of remote education during covid-19 pandemic on young children´s Learning and academic behavior in Georgia: Perceptions of parentes and school administrators. Journal School Health,92(7), 656-664. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.13185
Lacerda, A., & Januário, L. (2020). Introdução: Não é suficiente para as crianças sobreviver à pandemia. In Comissão Nacional da Saúde Materna, da Criança e do Adolescente, As grávidas, as crianças e a pandemia COVID-19 (pp. 3-5). CNSMCA. https://www.spp.pt/UserFiles/file/Noticias/CNSMCA_COVID_NOV.2020.pdf
Loureiro, A., Rodrigues E. P., & Mattar, J. (2020). Educação online em tempos de pandemia: Desafios e oportunidades para uma escola inclusiva. Revista Journal Interações, 16(54), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.25755/int.21999
Marchetti, D., Fontatanesi, L., Mazza, C., Di Giandomenico, S., Roma, P., & Verrocchio, M. C. (2020). Parenting-related exhaustion during the itlain covid-19 lockdown. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 45(10), 1114-1123. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa093
Meleis, A. I. (2010). Transitions theory: Middle-range and situation-specific theories in nursing research and practice. Springer Publishing Company. https://abrir.link/gyxhj
Melo, A. (2020). Ser professora em tempo de pandemia: Covid-19. In José Alves, & Ilídia Cabral (Eds.) Ensinar e aprender em tempo de covid-19: Entre o caos e a redenção. Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia da Universidade Católica Portuguesa. https://abrir.link/JvqBc
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson. L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the Covid-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: A national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(85). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8
Opperman, C., & Cassandra, K. A. (2001). Enfermagem pediátrica contemporânea. Lusociência.
Ordem dos Enfermeiros (2015). Guia orientador de boa prática: Adaptação à parentalidade durante a hospitalização. Cadernos da OE, 1(8). https://www.ordemenfermeiros.pt/arquivo/publicacoes/Documents/GOBP_ParentalidadePositiva_vf.pdf
Richardson, D., Carraro, A., Ceborati, V., Gromada, A., & Rees, G. (2020). Supporting families and children beyond Covid-19: Social protection in high income countries. UNICEF. https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/Supporting%20Familes%20and%20Children%20Beyond%20COVID-19_Social%20protection%20in%20high-income%20countries.pdf
Santos, J. R., & Zaboroski, E. A. (2020). Ensino remoto e pandemia de covid-19: Desafios e oportunidades de alunos e professores. Revista Interações, 16(55), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.25755/int.20865
Schady, N., Holla, A., Sabarwal, S., Silva, J., & Chang, Y. A. (2023). Collapse and recovery: How the covid-19 pandemic eroded human capital and what to do about it. World Bank Group. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/0199dad4-54a4-4d59-998e-a7775e4f2544/content
Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Setti A., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parenting stress during the covid-19 outbreak: Socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and implications for children emotion regulation. Family Process, 60(2), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12601
United Nations Children´s Fund. (2020). Policy Brief: The Impact of Covid-19 in Children. UNICEF. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/202004/160420_Covid_Children_Policy_Brief.pdf
Vilelas, J. (2020). Investigação o processo do conhecimento (3ºed). Edições Silabo.
World health Organization. (2023). Nutricion: Physical activity, well-being and covid-19: Chilhood obesity surveillance iniciative study. WHO, Regional Office for Europe. https://www.who.int/europe/publications/m/item/nutrition-physical-activity-well-being-and-covid-19-childhood-obesity-surveillance-initiative-study
irc.org/publications/pdf/Supporting%20Familes%20and%20Children%20Beyond%20COVID-19_Social%20protection%20in%20high-income%20countries.pdf
Santos, J. R., & Zaboroski, E. A. (2020). Ensino remoto e pandemia de covid-19: Desafios e oportunidades de alunos e professores. Revista Interações, 16(55), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.25755/int.20865
Schady, N., Holla, A., Sabarwal, S., Silva, J., & Chang, Y. A. (2023). Collapse and recovery: How the covid-19 pandemic eroded human capital and what to do about it. World Bank Group. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/0199dad4-54a4-4d59-998e-a7775e4f2544/content
Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Setti A., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parenting stress during the covid-19 outbreak: Socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and implications for children emotion regulation. Family Process, 60(2), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12601
United Nations Children´s Fund. (2020). Policy Brief: The Impact of Covid-19 in Children. UNICEF. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/202004/160420_Covid_Children_Policy_Brief.pdf
Vilelas, J. (2020). Investigação o processo do conhecimento (3ºed). Edições Silabo.
World health Organization. (2023). Nutricion: Physical activity, well-being and covid-19: Chilhood obesity surveillance iniciative study. WHO, Regional Office for Europe. https://www.who.int/europe/publications/m/item/nutrition-physical-activity-well-being-and-covid-19-childhood-obesity-surveillance-initiative-study
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who submit proposals for this journal agree to the following terms:
a) Articles are published under the Licença Creative Commons (CC BY 4.0), in full open-access, without any cost or fees of any kind to the author or the reader;
b) The authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, allowing the free sharing of work, provided it is correctly attributed the authorship and initial publication in this journal;
c) The authors are permitted to take on additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, post it to an institutional repository or as a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal;
d) Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as increase the impact and citation of published work
Documents required for submission
Article template (Editable format)