Wineries and terroir: the synergy of landscape, culture, and identity in Alentejo´s wine tourism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0229.44474Keywords:
wine tourism; online communication; sustainability; wineries; AlentejoAbstract
Introduction: In wine tourism, wineries serve as hubs, offering not only wine production, storage, and bottling but also a variety of tourist experiences, such as wine events, vineyard tours, and accommodation. Wineries are therefore well placed to promote other attractions in the tourist destination.
Objective: Investigate how four notable wineries in Alentejo, Portugal, promote their surroundings, including local attractions, complementary services, and sustainability practices, focusing on community well-being.
Methods: A two-step empirical analysis was employed: first, in-depth interviews with wine tourism managers about these topics; second, analysing the content of their official websites to find features promoting their broader environment.
Results: Results indicate that while managers stress the significance of highlighting their surroundings and sustainability initiatives, the websites mostly spotlight wine products and internal tourism experiences.
Conclusion: Although the websites of two wineries address their environmental and social policies, they are not prominently featured, serving more as informational rather than integral parts of their online communication.
Downloads
References
Alebaki, M., Psimouli, M., Kladou, S., & Anastasiadis, F. (2022). Digital winescape and onlinewine tourism: Comparative insights from crete and Santorini. Sustainability, 14, 8396. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148396
Almeida, M. J. (coord.) (2018). Guia de Enoturismo Alentejo. Entidade Regional de Turismo do Alentejo. https://shre.ink/7vOy
Alonso, A. D., Bressan, A., Kim, O. V. T., Kok, S. K., & Atay, E. (2023). Integrating tradition and innovation within a wine tourism and hospitality experience. International Journal of Tourism Research, 25(1), 169-182. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2561
Archdaily (2017). Herdade Of Freixo Winery / Frederico Valsassina Arquitectos. In Archdaily. https://shre.ink/L8qo
Cardoso, I. L. (2018). The real and imaginary Alentejo: Overlapping perspectives on the various strategies for agricultural and tourism development in this Portuguese region. In Gastronomy and Local Development (pp. 83-105). Routledge.
Cooper, C, Fletcher, J. Wanhill, S., Gilbert, D., & Fyall, A. (2008). Tourism: Principles and practice (4th ed.). Financial Times/ Prentice Hall.
Cristófol, F.J., Aramendia, G. Z., & de San Eugenio Vela, J. (2020). Effects of social media on enotourism: Two cases Study: Okanagan Valley (Canada) and Somontano (Spain). Sustainability, 12, 6705. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176705
Cunha, D., Kastenholz, E., & Lane, B. (2021). Challenges for collecting questionnaire-based onsite survey data in a niche tourism market context: The case of wine tourism in rural areas. Sustainability, 13, 12251. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112251
Dias, A., Sousa, B., Santos, V., Ramos, P.; Madeira, A. (2023). Wine tourism and sustainability awareness: A consumer behavior perspective. Sustainability, 15(6), 5182. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065182
Díaz-Luque, P. (2009). Official tourism websites and city marketing. In M. Gascó-Hernández and T. Torres-Coronas (Eds.), Information communication technologies and city marketing: Digital opportunities for cities around the world (pp. 152-183). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
Dinis, M. G., Melo, C. S., & Sousa, J. M. B. M. (2021). Coffee tourism in Portugal: An attraction case study. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 15(3), 399-412. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-08-2020-0194
Fernández-Cavia, J., & Huertas-Roig, A. (2009). City brands and their communication through websites: Identification of problems and proposals for improvement. In Gascó-Hernández, M., & Torres Coronas, T. (Eds.), Information communication technologies and city marketing: Digital opportunities for cities around the world. https://doi.org/10.4018/9781605669823.ch063
Fialho, A., Santana Félix, E.G., Jorge, F., & Del Mar Soto Moya, M. (2020). Communication of the commitment to sustainability and the UN SDGs in the Iberian foundations. In D. Crowther and S. Seifi (Eds.) Governance and sustainability (Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility, Vol. 15, pp. 91-111). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2043-052320200000015006
Ghanem, M., & Elgammal, I. (2017). Communicating sustainability through a destination’s website: A checklist to inform, motivate, and engage stakeholders. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34, 793–805. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1233928
Gabinete de Planeamento, Políticas e Administração Geral (GPP). (2021). A vinha e o vinho. Cadernos de Análise e Prospetiva: CULTIVAR, 24.GPP. https://shre.ink/7vOA
Gill, D., Dickinson, D. S. J., & Scharl, A. (2008). Communicating sustainability: A web analysis of North American, Asian and European firms. Journal of Communication Management, 12, 243–262. https://doi.org/10.1108/13632540810899425
Gretzel, U., Yuan, Y. L., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2000). Preparing for the New Economy: Advertising Strategies and Change in Destination Marketing Organizations. Journal of Travel Research, 39, 146-156. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003900204
Gurău, C., & Duquesnois, F. (2011). The website as an integrated marketing tool: An exploratory study of French wine producers. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2011.10593523
Henriques, C. (2009). The influence of agricultural policy on the development of viticulture in Southern Portugal: A historical perspective. Agricultural History, 83(1), 68-85. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798724000346
Holcomb, J., Upchurch, R., & Okumus, F. (2007). Corporate social responsibility: What are top hotel companies reporting? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(6), 461–475. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110710775129
King, C. (2023). Portuguese wine cellar awarded title of Best European Winery 2023. EuroWeekly News. https://shre.ink/L8L6
Lavandoski, J., Vargas-Sánchez, A., Pinto, P., & Silva, J. A. (2018). Causes and effects of wine tourism development in organizational context: The case of Alentejo, Portugal. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 18(1), 107-122. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358416634159
Marques, A. C. (2020). Herdade do Freixo: Light and depth below ground. In Observador. https://shre.ink/L8LD
Marques, A. C. (2018). Herdade do Freixo Winery is one of ArchDaily's buildings of the year. In Observador. https://shre.ink/L8Lf
Martens, W. (2024). Use of a Winery’s website for wine tourism development: Niagara region. Qeios.
Marzo-Navarro, M., & Pedraja-Iglesias, M. (2021). Use of a winery’s website for wine tourism development: Rioja region. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 33, 523–544. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWBR-03-2020-0008
Montella, M. (2017). Wine tourism and sustainability: A review. Sustainability, 9(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9010113
Neilson, L., & Madill, J. (2014). Using winery websites to attract wine tourists: An international comparison. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 26(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWBR-07-2012-0022
Paunovic, I., Illés, S., Obermayer, N., & Kovari, E. (2022). Online branding strategies of family SME wineries: A Hungarian-German comparative study. Journal of Family Business Management, 12, 450–467. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-09-2021-0099
Proença, J. F., Torres, A. C., Marta, B., Silva, D. S., Fuly, G., & Pinto, H. L. (2022). Sustainability in the coffee supply chain and purchasing policies: a case study research. Sustainability, 14(1), 459. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010459
Santini, C., Cavicchi, A., & Bertella, G. (2024). Cornering authenticity in wine tourism: The case of Tuscany. In Strategic management in the wine tourism industry: Competitive strategies, wine tourism behaviour and new strategic tools (pp. 25-49). Springer Nature Switzerland.
Santos, V., Dias, A., Ramos, P., Madeira, A., & Sousa, B. (2023). Mapping the wine visit experience for tourist excitement and cultural experience. Annals of Leisure Research, 26(4), 567-583. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2021.2010225
Sigala, M., & Robinson, R. (2019). Management and marketing of wine destinations: Theory, practice and cases. Palgrave Macmillan. https://shre.ink/LdDv
Sigala, M. (2019). The bright and the dark sides of social media in tourism experiences, tourists’ behavior, and well-being. In Handbook of Globalisation and Tourism (pp. 247-259). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Silva, C. (2024, July 9). Adega Mayor has new wine courses and chocolate tastings. Público. https://shre.ink/L8ZZ
Sullivan, K., & Sullivan, T. (2018). Bacalhôa Wines of Portugal – Winery/Museum in Azeitão. Wine Trail Traveler. http://www.winetrailtraveler.com/portugal/bacalhoa.php
Sun, S., Fong, D. K. C., Law, R., & He, S. (2017). An updated comprehensive review of website evaluation studies in hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29 (1), 355-373. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-12-2015-0736
Vyas, C. (2019). Evaluating state tourism websites using Search Engine Optimization tools. Tourism Management, 73, 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.01.019
Vîlcea, C., Licurici, M., & Popescu, L. (2024). The role of websites in promoting wine tourism: An evaluation of Romanian wineries. Sustainability, 16(15), 6336. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156336
Villarino, J., & Font, X. (2015). Sustainability marketing myopia: The lack of persuasiveness in sustainability communication. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 21(4), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715589428
Williams, A., Yuan, J., & Williams, L. (2019). Attributes of memorable gastro-tourists’ experiences. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(3), 327-348. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348018804621
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who submit proposals for this journal agree to the following terms:
a) Articles are published under the Licença Creative Commons (CC BY 4.0), in full open-access, without any cost or fees of any kind to the author or the reader;
b) The authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, allowing the free sharing of work, provided it is correctly attributed the authorship and initial publication in this journal;
c) The authors are permitted to take on additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, post it to an institutional repository or as a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal;
d) Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as increase the impact and citation of published work
Documents required for submission
Article template (Editable format)

