El papel del análisis de clústeres en la promoción del desarrollo sostenible en destinos de baja densidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0219e.40917Palabras clave:
desarrollo turístico sostenible; implicación/apego de la comunidad; gestión del turismo por los gobiernos locales; percepción de riesgo; impactos del turismo; dependencia económicaResumen
Introducción: La investigación sobre las percepciones de los residentes respecto al desarrollo turístico sostenible (DTS) se ha centrado principalmente en áreas de alta densidad, prestando poca atención a los destinos emergentes. Este estudio analiza las perspectivas de los residentes en Lamego, una ciudad histórica en el norte de Portugal, dentro del área del Patrimonio Mundial del Duero.
Objetivo: Utilizando el análisis de cluesters, este estudio pretende segmentar a los residentes en función de sus percepciones de la implicación de la comunidad, la gestión del turismo por parte del gobierno local, los impactos del turismo, el apego a la comunidad, la dependencia económica, el riesgo percibido (COVID-19) y el apoyo a la DTS, y analizar las diferencias en las variables sociodemográficas entre estos grupos.
Métodos: Este estudio utiliza un enfoque cuantitativo con un cuestionario para los residentes de Lamego. Se aplicó el análisis de clústeres para categorizar a 250 residentes en distintos grupos en función de sus opiniones sobre el apoyo a las DTS y las variables relacionadas.
Resultados: Se identificaron tres clústeres de residentes: Moderadamente Implicados, Altamente Implicados y Desconectados. Estos grupos muestran diferencias significativas en su nivel de compromiso con iniciativas de DTS y en su percepción sobre la eficacia de la gobernanza local.
Conclusión: Los hallazgos destacan la necesidad de integrar las percepciones de los residentes en la planificación y formulación de políticas del DTS. Este estudio proporciona información valiosa para la gestión del turismo en destinos emergentes y de baja densidad, contribuyendo a estrategias de desarrollo más eficaces e inclusivas.
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